| IP Security Maintenance and Extensions (ipsecme) | T. Kivinen |
| Internet-Draft | AuthenTec |
| Updates: RFC 5996 (if approved) | P. Wouters |
| Intended status: Standards Track | Red Hat |
| Expires: April 02, 2013 | H. Tschofenig |
| Nokia Siemens Networks | |
| October 2012 |
More Raw Public Keys for IKEv2
draft-kivinen-ipsecme-oob-pubkey-02.txt
The Internet Key Exchange Version 2 (IKEv2) protocol currently only supports raw RSA keys. In some environments it is useful to make use of other types of public keys, such as those based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography. This documents adds support for other types of raw public keys to IKEv2.
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Secure DNS allows public keys to be associated with domain names for usage with security protocols like Internet Key Exchange Version 2 (IKEv2) [RFC5996] and Transport Layer Security (TLS) but it relies on extensions in those protocols to be specified.
IKEv2 already offers support for PKCS #1 encoded RSA keys, i.e., a DER- encoded RSAPublicKey structure (see [RSA] and [RFC3447]). Other raw public keys types are, however, not supported.
The TLS Out-of-Band Public Key Validation specification ([I-D.ietf-tls-oob-pubkey]) adds generic support for raw public keys to TLS by re-using the SubjectPublicKeyInfo format from the X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate profile [RFC5280].
This document is similar than the TLS Out-of-Band Public Key Validation specification, and applies the concept to IKEv2 to support all public key formats defined by PKIX. This approach also allows future public key extensions to be supported without the need to introduce further enhancements to IKEv2.
To support new types of public keys in IKEv2 the following changes are needed:
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
Section 3.6 of RFC 5996 defines the Certificate payload format as shown in Figure 1.
1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Next Payload |C| RESERVED | Payload Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Cert Encoding | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
~ Certificate Data ~
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 1: Certificate Payload Format.
Certificate Encoding Value ---------------------------------------------------- Raw Public Key TBD
When the certificate encoding type 'Raw Public Key' is used then the Certificate Data only contains the SubjectPublicKeyInfo part of the PKIX certificate.
In the case of the Certificate Request payload the Certification Authority field MUST be empty if the "Raw Public Key" certificate encoding is used.
After this there are two ways of sending Raw RSA public keys in the IKEv2: The already existing mechanism (Raw RSA Key, encoding value 11), and the new format defined here. The IKEv2 protocol already supports a method to indicate what certificate encoding formats are supported, i.e. a peer can send one or multiple Certificate Request payload with the certificate encoding types it supports. From this list the recipient can see what formats are supported and select one which is used to send Certificate back.
If the peer has non-RSA raw public key, it has no other option than to use the new format. If it has RSA raw public key, it can either use the old format or the new format, and it SHOULD indicate support for both by sending both certificate encoding types inside Certificate Request payloads.
If a peer receives both old and new certificate encoding formats in the Certificate Request payloads, it is RECOMMENDED for implementations to prefer new format defined in this document, so the old Raw RSA public key format could possibly be phased out in the future.
To better support minimal implementations, it would be best to limit the code complexity of those versions, and such implementations might choose to implement only the new format, which supports all types of raw public keys.
An IKEv2 deployment using raw public keys needs to utilize an out-of-band public key validation procedure to be confident in the authenticity of the keys being used. One such mechanism is to use a configuration mechanism for provisioning raw public keys into the IKEv2 software. A suitable deployment is likely to be found with smart objects. Yet another approach is to rely on secure DNS to associate public keys to be associated with domain names using the IPSECKEY DNS RRtype [RFC4025]. More information can be found in DNS-Based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE) [RFC6394].
This document does not change the assumptions made by the IKEv2 specifications since "Raw RSA Key" support is already available in IKEv2. This document only generalizes the raw public key support.
This document allocates a new value from the IKEv2 Certificate Encodings registry:
TBD Raw Public Key
This document copies parts from the similar TLS document ([I-D.ietf-tls-oob-pubkey]).
| [RFC2119] | Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. |
| [RFC5280] | Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S., Housley, R. and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 5280, May 2008. |
| [RFC5996] | Kaufman, C., Hoffman, P., Nir, Y. and P. Eronen, "Internet Key Exchange Protocol Version 2 (IKEv2)", RFC 5996, September 2010. |
| [RFC3447] | Jonsson, J. and B. Kaliski, "Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.1", RFC 3447, February 2003. |
| [RFC4025] | Richardson, M., "A Method for Storing IPsec Keying Material in DNS", RFC 4025, March 2005. |
| [RFC4754] | Fu, D. and J. Solinas, "IKE and IKEv2 Authentication Using the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA)", RFC 4754, January 2007. |
| [RFC6394] | Barnes, R., "Use Cases and Requirements for DNS-Based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE)", RFC 6394, October 2011. |
| [I-D.ietf-tls-oob-pubkey] | Tschofenig, H, Gilmore, J, Wouters, P, Weiler, S and T Kivinen, "TLS Out-of-Band Public Key Validation", Internet-Draft draft-ietf-tls-oob-pubkey-01, January 2012. |
| [RSA] | R. Rivest, , A. Shamir, and L. Adleman, "A Method for Obtaining Digital Signatures and Public-Key Cryptosystems", February 1978. |
This appendix provides examples of the actual packets sent on the wire. This uses the 256-bit ECDSA private/public key pair defined in the section 8.1. of the IKEv2 ECDSA document [RFC4754].
The public key is as followed:
0000 : SEQUENCE 0002 : SEQUENCE 0004 : OBJECT IDENTIFIER id-ecPublicKey (1.2.840.10045.2.1) 000d : OBJECT IDENTIFIER secp256r1 (1.2.840.10045.3.1.7) 0017 : BIT STRING (66 bytes) 00000000: 0004 cb28 e099 9b9c 7715 fd0a 80d8 e47a 00000010: 7707 9716 cbbf 917d d72e 9756 6ea1 c066 00000020: 957c 2b57 c023 5fb7 4897 68d0 58ff 4911 00000030: c20f dbe7 1e36 99d9 1339 afbb 903e e172 00000040: 55dc
The SubjectPublicKeyInfo ASN.1 object is as follows:
The first byte (00) of the bit string indicates that there is no "number of unused bits", and the second byte (04) indicates uncompressed form. Those two octets are followed by the values of X and Y.
00000000: 3059 3013 0607 2a86 48ce 3d02 0106 082a 00000010: 8648 ce3d 0301 0703 4200 04cb 28e0 999b 00000020: 9c77 15fd 0a80 d8e4 7a77 0797 16cb bf91 00000030: 7dd7 2e97 566e a1c0 6695 7c2b 57c0 235f 00000040: b748 9768 d058 ff49 11c2 0fdb e71e 3699 00000050: d913 39af bb90 3ee1 7255 dc
The final encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo object is as follows:
00000000: NN00 0060 XX30 5930 1306 072a 8648 ce3d 00000010: 0201 0608 2a86 48ce 3d03 0107 0342 0004 00000020: cb28 e099 9b9c 7715 fd0a 80d8 e47a 7707 00000030: 9716 cbbf 917d d72e 9756 6ea1 c066 957c 00000040: 2b57 c023 5fb7 4897 68d0 58ff 4911 c20f 00000050: dbe7 1e36 99d9 1339 afbb 903e e172 55dc
This will result the final IKEv2 Certificate Payload to be:
Where the NN will be the next payload type (i.e. that value depends on what is the next payload after this certificate payload).
Note to the RFC editor / IANA, replace the XX above with the newly allocated Raw Public Key number, and remove this note.