Network Working Group P. Saint-Andre
Internet-Draft Cisco Systems, Inc.
Intended status: Standards Track S. Loreto
Expires: April 21, 2014 Ericsson
October 18, 2013
Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and the
Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): One-to-One Text Chat
Sessions
draft-ietf-stox-chat-03
Abstract
This document defines a bidirectional protocol mapping for the
exchange of instant messages in the context of a one-to-one chat
session between a user of the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and a
user of the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP).
Specifically for SIP text chat, this document specifies a mapping to
the Message Session Relay Protocol (MSRP).
Status of this Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on April 21, 2014.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
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to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. XMPP to MSRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. MSRP to XMPP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. Composing Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
6. Delivery Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
7. Internationalization Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Appendix A. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
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1. Introduction
Both the Session Initiation Protocol [RFC3261] and the Extensible
Messaging and Presence Protocol [RFC6120] can be used for the purpose
of one-to-one text chat over the Internet. To ensure interworking
between these technologies, it is important to define bidirectional
protocol mappings.
The architectural assumptions underlying such protocol mappings are
provided in [I-D.ietf-stox-core], including mapping of addresses and
error conditions. This document specifies mappings for one-to-one
text chat sessions (sometimes called "session-mode" messaging); in
particular, this document specifies mappings between XMPP messages of
type "chat" and the Message Session Relay Protocol [RFC4975].
Mappings for single instant messages and groupchat are provided in
separate documents.
The approach taken here is to directly map syntax and semantics from
one protocol to another. The mapping described herein depends on the
protocols defined in the following specifications:
o XMPP chat sessions using message stanzas of type "chat" are
specified in [RFC6121].
o SIP-based chat sessions using the SIP INVITE and SEND request
types are specified in [RFC4975].
In SIMPLE, a chat session is formally negotiated just as any other
session type is using SIP. By contrast, a one-to-one chat "session"
in XMPP is an informal construct and is not formally negotiated: a
user simply sends a message of type "chat" to a contact, the contact
then replies to the message, and the sum total of such messages
exchanged during a defined period of time is considered to be a chat
session. To overcome the disparity between these approaches, a
gateway that wishes to map between SIP and XMPP for one-to-one chat
sessions needs to maintain some additional state, as described below.
2. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
[RFC2119].
3. XMPP to MSRP
In XMPP, the "informal session" approach is to simply send someone a
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of type "chat" without starting any session negotiation
ahead of time (as described in [RFC6121]). The XMPP "informal
session" approach maps very well into a SIP MESSAGE request, as
described in [I-D.ietf-stox-core]. However, the XMPP informal
session approach can also be mapped to MSRP if the XMPP-to-SIP
gateway maintains additional state.
The order of events is as follows.
XMPP User GW SIP User
| | |
|(F1) (XMPP) Chat message | |
|------------------------->| |
| |(F2) (SIP) INVITE |
| |------------------------->|
| |(F3) (SIP) 200 OK |
| |<-------------------------|
| |(F4) (SIP) ACK |
| |------------------------->|
| |(F5) (MSRP) SEND |
| |------------------------->|
| |(F6) (MSRP) A reply |
| |<-------------------------|
|(F7) (XMPP) A reply | |
|<-------------------------| |
| | |
. . .
. . .
. . .
| | |
| |(F8) (SIP) BYE |
| |<-------------------------|
| |(F9) (SIP) 200 OK |
| |------------------------->|
| | |
The mapping of XMPP syntax to SIP syntax SHOULD be as shown in the
following table. (Mappings for several aspects not mentioned here
are specified in [I-D.ietf-stox-im].)
Table 1: Message syntax mapping from XMPP to SIP
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+
| XMPP Element or Attribute | SIP Header or Contents |
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+
| | Call-ID |
| id | transaction identifier |
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+
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First the XMPP user would generate an XMPP chat message.
Example 1: Juliet sends XMPP message (F1)
|
| 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
| Art thou not Romeo, and a Montague?
|
Upon receiving such a message stanza, the XMPP server needs to
determine the identity of the domainpart in the 'to' address, which
it does by following the procedures discussed in
[I-D.ietf-stox-core]. Here we assume that the XMPP server has
determined the domain is serviced by an MSRP server, that it contains
or has available to it an XMPP-to-SIP gateway or connection manager
(which enables it to speak natively to MSRP servers), and that it
hands off the message stanza to the XMPP-SIP gateway.
The XMPP-to-SIP gateway at the XMPP server would then initiate an
MSRP session with Romeo on Juliet's behalf (since there is no
reliable way for the gateway to determine if Romeo's user agent
supports MSRP, it simply needs to guess).
Example 2: Gateway starts SIP session on behalf of Juliet (F2)
| INVITE sip:romeo@example.net SIP/2.0
| To:
| From:
| Contact: ;gr=balcony
| Subject: Open chat with Juliet?
| Call-ID: 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
| Content-Type: application/sdp
|
| c=IN IP4 x2s.example.com
| m=message 7654 TCP/MSRP *
| a=accept-types:text/plain
| a=path:msrp://x2s.example.com:7654/jshA7weztas;tcp
Here we assume that Romeo accepts the MSRP session request.
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Example 3: Romeo accepts session request (F3)
| SIP/2.0 200 OK
| To:
| From:
| Contact: ;gr=orchard
| Call-ID: 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
| Content-Type: application/sdp
|
| c=IN IP4 s2x.example.net
| m=message 12763 TCP/MSRP *
| a=accept-types:text/plain
| a=path:msrp://s2x.example.net:12763/kjhd37s2s20w2a;tcp
The XMPP-to-SIP gateway then acknowledges the session acceptance on
behalf of Juliet.
Example 4: Gateway sends ACK to Romeo (F4)
| ACK sip:juliet@example.com SIP/2.0
| To: ;gr=orchard
| From:
| Contact: ;gr=balcony
| Call-ID: 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
The XMPP-to-SIP gateway then transforms the original XMPP chat
message into MSRP.
Example 5: Gateway maps XMPP message to MSRP (F5)
| MSRP a786hjs2 SEND
| From-Path: msrp://x2s.example.com:7654/jshA7weztas;tcp
| To-Path: msrp://s2x.example.net:12763/kjhd37s2s20w2a;tcp
| Message-ID: 54C6F4F1-A39C-47D6-8718-FA65B3D0414A
| Byte-Range: 1-25/25
| Content-Type: text/plain
|
| Art thou not Romeo, and a Montague?
| -------a786hjs2$
Romeo can then send a reply using his MSRP user agent.
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Example 6: Romeo sends reply (F6)
| MSRP di2fs53v SEND
| To-Path: msrp://x2s.example.com:7654/jshA7weztas;tcp
| From-Path: msrp://s2x.example.net:12763/kjhd37s2s20w2a;tcp
| Message-ID: 6480C096-937A-46E7-BF9D-1353706B60AA
| Byte-Range: 1-25/25
| Failure-Report: no
| Content-Type: text/plain
|
| Neither, fair saint, if either thee dislike.
| -------di2fs53v$
The SIP-to-XMPP gateway would then transform that message into
appropriate XMPP syntax for routing to the intended recipient.
Example 7: Gateway maps MSRP message to XMPP (F7)
|
| 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
| Neither, fair saint, if either thee dislike.
|
When the MSRP user wishes to end the chat session, the user's MSRP
client sends a SIP BYE.
Example 8: Romeo terminates chat session (F8)
| BYE juliet@example.com sip: SIP/2.0
| From: ;tag=087js
| To: ;tag=786
| Call-ID: 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
| Cseq: 1 BYE
| Content-Length: 0
The BYE is then acknowledged by the XMPP-to-SIP gateway.
Example 9: Gateway acknowledges termination (F9)
| SIP/2.0 200 OK
| From: ;tag=786
| To: ;tag=087js
| Call-ID: 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
| CSeq: 1 BYE
| Content-Length: 0
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4. MSRP to XMPP
When an MSRP client sends messages through a gateway to an XMPP
client, the order of events is as follows.
SIP User GW XMPP User
| | |
|(F1)(SIP) INVITE | |
|------------------------>| |
|(F2)(SIP) 200 OK | |
|<------------------------| |
|(F3)(SIP) ACK | |
|------------------------>| |
|(F4)(MSRP) SEND | |
|------------------------>| |
| |(F5)(XMPP) A chat message |
| |------------------------->|
| |(F6)(XMPP) A reply |
| |<-------------------------|
| | |
|(F7)(MSRP) SEND | |
|<------------------------| |
| | |
. . .
. . .
. . .
| | |
|(F8)(SIP) BYE | |
|------------------------>| |
|(F9)(SIP) 200 OK | |
|<------------------------| |
| | |
The mapping of SIP syntax to XMPP syntax SHOULD be as shown in the
following table. (Mappings for several aspects not mentioned here
are specified in [I-D.ietf-stox-im].)
Table 2: Message syntax mapping from SIP to XMPP
+--------------------------+-----------------------------+
| SIP Header or Contents | XMPP Element or Attribute |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Call-ID | |
| transaction identifier | id |
+--------------------------+-----------------------------+
The protocol flow begins when Romeo starts a chat session with
Juliet.
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Example 10: Romeo starts chat session (F1)
| INVITE sip:juliet@example.com SIP/2.0
| To:
| From:
| Contact: ;gr=orchard
| Subject: Open chat with Romeo?
| Call-ID: F6989A8C-DE8A-4E21-8E07-F0898304796F
| Content-Type: application/sdp
|
| c=IN IP4 s2x.example.net
| m=message 7313 TCP/MSRP *
| a=accept-types:text/plain
| a=path:msrp://s2x.example.net:7313/ansp71weztas;tcp
Upon receiving the INVITE, the SIP (MSRP) server needs to determine
the identity of the domain portion of the Request-URI or To header,
which it does by following the procedures discussed in
[I-D.ietf-stox-core]. Here we assume that the SIP server has
determined that the domain is serviced by an XMPP server, that it
contains or has available to it a SIP-to-XMPP gateway or connection
manager (which enables it to speak natively to XMPP servers), and
that it hands off the message to the gateway.
Example 11: Gateway accepts session on Juliet's behalf (F2)
| SIP/2.0 200 OK
| To: ;gr=orchard
| From:
| Contact: ;gr=balcony
| Call-ID: F6989A8C-DE8A-4E21-8E07-F0898304796F
| Content-Type: application/sdp
|
| c=IN IP4 x2s.example.com
| m=message 8763 TCP/MSRP *
| a=accept-types:text/plain
| a=path:msrp://x2s.example.com:8763/lkjh37s2s20w2a;tcp
Example 12: Romeo sends ACK (F3)
| ACK sip:juliet@example.com SIP/2.0
| To: ;gr=balcony
| From:
| Contact: ;gr=orchard
| Call-ID: F6989A8C-DE8A-4E21-8E07-F0898304796F
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Example 13: Romeo sends message (F4)
| MSRP ad49kswow SEND
| To-Path: msrp://x2s.example.com:8763/lkjh37s2s20w2a;tcp
| From-Path: msrp://s2x.example.net:7313/ansp71weztas;tcp
| Message-ID: 676FDB92-7852-443A-8005-2A1B9FE44F4E
| Byte-Range: 1-32/32
| Failure-Report: no
| Content-Type: text/plain
|
| I take thee at thy word ...
| -------ad49kswow$
Example 14: SIP-XMPP gateway maps MSRP message to XMPP (F5)
|
| F6989A8C-DE8A-4E21-8E07-F0898304796F
| I take thee at thy word ...
|
Example 15: Juliet sends reply (F6)
|
| 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
| What man art thou ...?
|
Example 16: Gateway maps XMPP message to MSRP (F8)
| MSRP ms53b7z9 SEND
| To-Path: msrp://s2x.example.net:7313/jshA7weztas;tcp
| From-Path: msrp://x2s.example.com:8763/lkjh37s2s20w2a;tcp
| Message-ID: 17EBA17B-94C0-463B-AD84-DE405C4C9D41
| Byte-Range: 1-25/25
| Failure-Report: no
| Content-Type: text/plain
|
| What man art thou ...?
| -------ms53b7z9$
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Example 17: Romeo terminates chat session (F9)
| BYE juliet@example.com sip: SIP/2.0
| To: ;gr=balcony
| From:
| Contact: ;gr=orchard
| Call-ID: F6989A8C-DE8A-4E21-8E07-F0898304796F
| Cseq: 1 BYE
| Content-Length: 0
Example 18: Gateway acknowledges termination of session on behalf of
Juliet (F10)
| SIP/2.0 200 OK
| To: ;gr=balcony
| From:
| Contact: ;gr=orchard
| Call-ID: F6989A8C-DE8A-4E21-8E07-F0898304796F
| CSeq: 1 BYE
5. Composing Events
Both XMPP and MSRP enable a user agent to receive notifications when
a person's conversation partner is composing an instant message
within the context of a chat session.
For XMPP, the Chat State Notifications specification [XEP-0085]
defines five states: active, inactive, gone, composing, and paused.
Some of these states are related to the act of message composition
(composing, paused), whereas others are related to the sender's
involvement with the chat session (active, inactive, gone).
For MSRP (and SIMPLE in general), the Indication of Message
Composition for Instant Messaging specification [RFC3994] defines two
states: idle and active. Here the idle state indicates that the
sender is not actively composing a message, and the active state
indicates that the sender is indeed actively composing a message (the
sending user agent simply toggles between the two states, changing to
active if the user is actively composing a message and changing to
idle if the user is no longer actively composing a message).
Because the XEP-0085 states can represent information that is not
captured in RFC 3994, gateways can either (a) map only the composing-
related states or (b) map all the XEP-0085 states.
The following mappings are suggested.
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Table 3: Mapping of SIMPLE isComposing events to XMPP chat states
+-------------------+--------------------+
| isComposing Event | Chat State |
+-------------------+--------------------+
| active | composing |
| idle | active |
+-------------------+--------------------+
Table 4: Mapping of XMPP chat states to SIMPLE isComposing events
+-------------------+--------------------+
| Chat State | isComposing Event |
+-------------------+--------------------+
| active | idle |
| inactive | idle |
| gone | [none, see note] |
| composing | active |
| paused | idle |
+-------------------+--------------------+
Although there is no direct mapping for the "gone" chat state (which
is not to be confused with the stanza error condition defined
in [RFC6120]) to an isComposing event, receipt of the "gone" state
can be used as a trigger for terminating the formal chat session
within MSRP, i.e., for sending a SIP BYE for the session from the
XMPP-SIP gateway to the SIP user. The following examples illustrate
this indirect mapping.
Example 19: Juliet sends gone chat state
|
| 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
|
|
Example 20: XMPP-SIP gateway maps gone chat state to SIP BYE
| BYE romeo@example.net sip: SIP/2.0
| From: ;tag=786
| To: ;tag=087js
| Call-ID: 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
| Cseq: 1 BYE
| Content-Length: 0
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6. Delivery Reports
Both XMPP and MSRP enable a user agent to receive notifications when
a message has been received by the intended recipient.
For XMPP, the Message Receipts specification [XEP-0184] defines a
method and XML namespace for requesting and returning indications
that a message has been received by a client controlled by the
intended recipient.
For MSRP, a native reporting feature is included, in the form of
REPORT chunks (see Sections 7.1.2 and 7.1.3 of [RFC4975]).
Examples follow.
First, the XMPP user sends a message containing a request for
delivery notification.
Example 21: Juliet sends XMPP message with receipt request
|
| 29377446-0CBB-4296-8958-590D79094C50
| What man art thou ...?
|
|
Example 22: Gateway maps XMPP message to MSRP
| MSRP bf9m36d5 SEND
| To-Path: msrp://s2x.example.net:7313/jshA7weztas;tcp
| From-Path: msrp://x2s.example.com:8763/lkjh37s2s20w2a;tcp
| Message-ID: 6187CF9B-317A-41DA-BB6A-5E48A9C794EF
| Byte-Range: 1-25/25
| Success-Report: yes
| Failure-Report: no
| Content-Type: text/plain
|
| What man art thou ...?
| -------bf9m36d5$
Next, the recipient returns a report.
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Example 23: Romeo returns MSRP receipt
| MSRP hx74g336 REPORT
| To-Path: msrp://x2s.example.com:8763/lkjh37s2s20w2a;tcp
| From-Path: msrp://s2x.example.net:7313/jshA7weztas;tcp
| Message-ID: 6187CF9B-317A-41DA-BB6A-5E48A9C794EF
| Byte-Range: 1-106/106
| Status: 000 200 OK
| -------hx74g336$
Example 24: SIP-XMPP gateway maps receipt to XMPP
|
|
|
7. Internationalization Considerations
Relevant discussion of internationalized text in messages can be
found in [I-D.ietf-stox-im].
8. IANA Considerations
This document requests no actions of IANA.
9. Security Considerations
Detailed security considerations for instant messaging protocols are
given in [RFC2779], for SIP-based instant messaging in [RFC3428] (see
also [RFC3261]), and for XMPP-based instant messaging in [RFC6121]
(see also [RFC6120]).
This document specifies methods for exchanging instant messages
through a gateway that translates between SIP and XMPP. Such a
gateway MUST be compliant with the minimum security requirements of
the instant messaging protocols for which it translates (i.e., SIP
and XMPP). The addition of gateways to the security model of instant
messaging specified in [RFC2779] introduces some new risks. In
particular, end-to-end security properties (especially
confidentiality and integrity) between instant messaging user agents
that interface through a SIMPLE-XMPP gateway can be provided only if
common formats are supported. Specification of those common formats
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is out of scope for this document, although it is recommended to use
[RFC3862] for instant messages.
10. References
10.1. Normative References
[I-D.ietf-stox-core]
Saint-Andre, P., Houri, A., and J. Hildebrand,
"Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol
(SIP) and the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
(XMPP): Core", draft-ietf-stox-core-06 (work in progress),
September 2013.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC3261] Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston,
A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E.
Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261,
June 2002.
[RFC3862] Klyne, G. and D. Atkins, "Common Presence and Instant
Messaging (CPIM): Message Format", RFC 3862, August 2004.
[RFC3994] Schulzrinne, H., "Indication of Message Composition for
Instant Messaging", RFC 3994, January 2005.
[RFC4975] Campbell, B., Mahy, R., and C. Jennings, "The Message
Session Relay Protocol (MSRP)", RFC 4975, September 2007.
[RFC6120] Saint-Andre, P., "Extensible Messaging and Presence
Protocol (XMPP): Core", RFC 6120, March 2011.
[RFC6121] Saint-Andre, P., "Extensible Messaging and Presence
Protocol (XMPP): Instant Messaging and Presence",
RFC 6121, March 2011.
[XEP-0085]
Saint-Andre, P. and D. Smith, "Chat State Notifications",
XSF XEP 0085, September 2009.
[XEP-0184]
Saint-Andre, P. and J. Hildebrand, "Message Delivery
Receipts", XSF XEP 0184, March 2011.
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10.2. Informative References
[I-D.ietf-stox-im]
Saint-Andre, P., Houri, A., and J. Hildebrand,
"Interworking between the Session Initiation Protocol
(SIP) and the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
(XMPP): Instant Messaging", draft-ietf-stox-im-04 (work in
progress), September 2013.
[RFC2779] Day, M., Aggarwal, S., and J. Vincent, "Instant Messaging
/ Presence Protocol Requirements", RFC 2779,
February 2000.
[RFC3428] Campbell, B., Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Huitema, C.,
and D. Gurle, "Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension
for Instant Messaging", RFC 3428, December 2002.
Appendix A. Acknowledgements
Special thanks to Eddy Gavita and Nazin Hossain for their co-
authorship of an early version of this document.
Thanks to Adrian Georgescu, Philipp Hancke, Saul Ibarra Corretge, and
Tory Patnoe for their feedback.
The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Markus Isomaki
and Yana Stamcheva as the working group chairs and Gonzalo Camarillo
as the sponsoring Area Director.
Authors' Addresses
Peter Saint-Andre
Cisco Systems, Inc.
1899 Wynkoop Street, Suite 600
Denver, CO 80202
USA
Phone: +1-303-308-3282
Email: psaintan@cisco.com
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Salvatore Loreto
Ericsson
Hirsalantie 11
Jorvas 02420
Finland
Email: Salvatore.Loreto@ericsson.com
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