5. Example SD-JWT
In this example, a simple SD-JWT is demonstrated. This example is split into issuance and presentation.¶
Note: Throughout the examples in this document, line breaks had to be added to JSON strings and base64-encoded strings to adhere to the 72-character limit for lines in RFCs and for readability. JSON does not allow line breaks within strings.¶
5.1. Issuance
The following data about the user comprises the input JWT Claims Set used by the Issuer:¶
{ "sub": "user_42", "given_name": "John", "family_name": "Doe", "email": "johndoe@example.com", "phone_number": "+1-202-555-0101", "phone_number_verified": true, "address": { "street_address": "123 Main St", "locality": "Anytown", "region": "Anystate", "country": "US" }, "birthdate": "1940-01-01", "updated_at": 1570000000, "nationalities": [ "US", "DE" ] }¶
In this example, the following decisions were made by the Issuer in constructing the SD-JWT:¶
- The
nationalities
array is always visible, but its contents are selectively disclosable.¶ - The
sub
element as well as essential verification data (iss
,exp
,cnf
, etc.) are always visible.¶ - All other End-User claims are selectively disclosable.¶
- For
address
, the Issuer is using a flat structure, i.e., all the claims in theaddress
claim can only be disclosed in full. Other options are discussed in Section 6.¶
The following payload is used for the SD-JWT:¶
{ "_sd": [ "CrQe7S5kqBAHt-nMYXgc6bdt2SH5aTY1sU_M-PgkjPI", "JzYjH4svliH0R3PyEMfeZu6Jt69u5qehZo7F7EPYlSE", "PorFbpKuVu6xymJagvkFsFXAbRoc2JGlAUA2BA4o7cI", "TGf4oLbgwd5JQaHyKVQZU9UdGE0w5rtDsrZzfUaomLo", "XQ_3kPKt1XyX7KANkqVR6yZ2Va5NrPIvPYbyMvRKBMM", "XzFrzwscM6Gn6CJDc6vVK8BkMnfG8vOSKfpPIZdAfdE", "gbOsI4Edq2x2Kw-w5wPEzakob9hV1cRD0ATN3oQL9JM", "jsu9yVulwQQlhFlM_3JlzMaSFzglhQG0DpfayQwLUK4" ], "iss": "https://issuer.example.com", "iat": 1683000000, "exp": 1883000000, "sub": "user_42", "nationalities": [ { "...": "pFndjkZ_VCzmyTa6UjlZo3dh-ko8aIKQc9DlGzhaVYo" }, { "...": "7Cf6JkPudry3lcbwHgeZ8khAv1U1OSlerP0VkBJrWZ0" } ], "_sd_alg": "sha-256", "cnf": { "jwk": { "kty": "EC", "crv": "P-256", "x": "TCAER19Zvu3OHF4j4W4vfSVoHIP1ILilDls7vCeGemc", "y": "ZxjiWWbZMQGHVWKVQ4hbSIirsVfuecCE6t4jT9F2HZQ" } } }¶
The respective Disclosures, created by the Issuer, are listed below. In the text below and in other locations in this specification, the label "SHA-256 Hash:" is used as a shorthand for the label "Base64url-Encoded SHA-256 Hash:".¶
Claim given_name
:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
jsu9yVulwQQlhFlM_3JlzMaSFzglhQG0DpfayQwLUK4
¶ - Disclosure:
WyIyR0xDNDJzS1F2ZUNmR2ZyeU5STjl3IiwgImdpdmVuX25hbWUiLCAiSm9o
biJd
¶ - Contents:
["2GLC42sKQveCfGfryNRN9w", "given_name", "John"]
¶
Claim family_name
:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
TGf4oLbgwd5JQaHyKVQZU9UdGE0w5rtDsrZzfUaomLo
¶ - Disclosure:
WyJlbHVWNU9nM2dTTklJOEVZbnN4QV9BIiwgImZhbWlseV9uYW1lIiwgIkRv
ZSJd
¶ - Contents:
["eluV5Og3gSNII8EYnsxA_A", "family_name", "Doe"]
¶
Claim email
:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
JzYjH4svliH0R3PyEMfeZu6Jt69u5qehZo7F7EPYlSE
¶ - Disclosure:
WyI2SWo3dE0tYTVpVlBHYm9TNXRtdlZBIiwgImVtYWlsIiwgImpvaG5kb2VA
ZXhhbXBsZS5jb20iXQ
¶ - Contents:
["6Ij7tM-a5iVPGboS5tmvVA", "email", "johndoe@example.com"]
¶
Claim phone_number
:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
PorFbpKuVu6xymJagvkFsFXAbRoc2JGlAUA2BA4o7cI
¶ - Disclosure:
WyJlSThaV205UW5LUHBOUGVOZW5IZGhRIiwgInBob25lX251bWJlciIsICIr
MS0yMDItNTU1LTAxMDEiXQ
¶ - Contents:
["eI8ZWm9QnKPpNPeNenHdhQ", "phone_number",
"+1-202-555-0101"]
¶
Claim phone_number_verified
:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
XQ_3kPKt1XyX7KANkqVR6yZ2Va5NrPIvPYbyMvRKBMM
¶ - Disclosure:
WyJRZ19PNjR6cUF4ZTQxMmExMDhpcm9BIiwgInBob25lX251bWJlcl92ZXJp
ZmllZCIsIHRydWVd
¶ - Contents:
["Qg_O64zqAxe412a108iroA", "phone_number_verified", true]
¶
Claim address
:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
XzFrzwscM6Gn6CJDc6vVK8BkMnfG8vOSKfpPIZdAfdE
¶ - Disclosure:
WyJBSngtMDk1VlBycFR0TjRRTU9xUk9BIiwgImFkZHJlc3MiLCB7InN0cmVl
dF9hZGRyZXNzIjogIjEyMyBNYWluIFN0IiwgImxvY2FsaXR5IjogIkFueXRv
d24iLCAicmVnaW9uIjogIkFueXN0YXRlIiwgImNvdW50cnkiOiAiVVMifV0
¶ - Contents:
["AJx-095VPrpTtN4QMOqROA", "address", {"street_address":
"123 Main St", "locality": "Anytown", "region": "Anystate",
"country": "US"}]
¶
Claim birthdate
:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
gbOsI4Edq2x2Kw-w5wPEzakob9hV1cRD0ATN3oQL9JM
¶ - Disclosure:
WyJQYzMzSk0yTGNoY1VfbEhnZ3ZfdWZRIiwgImJpcnRoZGF0ZSIsICIxOTQw
LTAxLTAxIl0
¶ - Contents:
["Pc33JM2LchcU_lHggv_ufQ", "birthdate", "1940-01-01"]
¶
Claim updated_at
:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
CrQe7S5kqBAHt-nMYXgc6bdt2SH5aTY1sU_M-PgkjPI
¶ - Disclosure:
WyJHMDJOU3JRZmpGWFE3SW8wOXN5YWpBIiwgInVwZGF0ZWRfYXQiLCAxNTcw
MDAwMDAwXQ
¶ - Contents:
["G02NSrQfjFXQ7Io09syajA", "updated_at", 1570000000]
¶
Array Entry:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
pFndjkZ_VCzmyTa6UjlZo3dh-ko8aIKQc9DlGzhaVYo
¶ - Disclosure:
WyJsa2x4RjVqTVlsR1RQVW92TU5JdkNBIiwgIlVTIl0
¶ - Contents:
["lklxF5jMYlGTPUovMNIvCA", "US"]
¶
Array Entry:¶
- SHA-256 Hash:
7Cf6JkPudry3lcbwHgeZ8khAv1U1OSlerP0VkBJrWZ0
¶ - Disclosure:
WyJuUHVvUW5rUkZxM0JJZUFtN0FuWEZBIiwgIkRFIl0
¶ - Contents:
["nPuoQnkRFq3BIeAm7AnXFA", "DE"]
¶
The payload is then signed by the Issuer to create the following Issuer-signed JWT:¶
eyJhbGciOiAiRVMyNTYiLCAidHlwIjogImV4YW1wbGUrc2Qtand0In0.eyJfc2QiOiBb IkNyUWU3UzVrcUJBSHQtbk1ZWGdjNmJkdDJTSDVhVFkxc1VfTS1QZ2tqUEkiLCAiSnpZ akg0c3ZsaUgwUjNQeUVNZmVadTZKdDY5dTVxZWhabzdGN0VQWWxTRSIsICJQb3JGYnBL dVZ1Nnh5bUphZ3ZrRnNGWEFiUm9jMkpHbEFVQTJCQTRvN2NJIiwgIlRHZjRvTGJnd2Q1 SlFhSHlLVlFaVTlVZEdFMHc1cnREc3JaemZVYW9tTG8iLCAiWFFfM2tQS3QxWHlYN0tB TmtxVlI2eVoyVmE1TnJQSXZQWWJ5TXZSS0JNTSIsICJYekZyendzY002R242Q0pEYzZ2 Vks4QmtNbmZHOHZPU0tmcFBJWmRBZmRFIiwgImdiT3NJNEVkcTJ4Mkt3LXc1d1BFemFr b2I5aFYxY1JEMEFUTjNvUUw5Sk0iLCAianN1OXlWdWx3UVFsaEZsTV8zSmx6TWFTRnpn bGhRRzBEcGZheVF3TFVLNCJdLCAiaXNzIjogImh0dHBzOi8vaXNzdWVyLmV4YW1wbGUu Y29tIiwgImlhdCI6IDE2ODMwMDAwMDAsICJleHAiOiAxODgzMDAwMDAwLCAic3ViIjog InVzZXJfNDIiLCAibmF0aW9uYWxpdGllcyI6IFt7Ii4uLiI6ICJwRm5kamtaX1ZDem15 VGE2VWpsWm8zZGgta284YUlLUWM5RGxHemhhVllvIn0sIHsiLi4uIjogIjdDZjZKa1B1 ZHJ5M2xjYndIZ2VaOGtoQXYxVTFPU2xlclAwVmtCSnJXWjAifV0sICJfc2RfYWxnIjog InNoYS0yNTYiLCAiY25mIjogeyJqd2siOiB7Imt0eSI6ICJFQyIsICJjcnYiOiAiUC0y NTYiLCAieCI6ICJUQ0FFUjE5WnZ1M09IRjRqNFc0dmZTVm9ISVAxSUxpbERsczd2Q2VH ZW1jIiwgInkiOiAiWnhqaVdXYlpNUUdIVldLVlE0aGJTSWlyc1ZmdWVjQ0U2dDRqVDlG MkhaUSJ9fX0.oQ0UNJB1E1agYouB1yfGXfYLyWueHhfMFuicSV-n_GLXHtX0XK99sfDD ERiWKukCUzadGTT4QbCwXe6JvVmZWw¶
Adding the Disclosures produces the SD-JWT:¶
eyJhbGciOiAiRVMyNTYiLCAidHlwIjogImV4YW1wbGUrc2Qtand0In0.eyJfc2QiOiBb IkNyUWU3UzVrcUJBSHQtbk1ZWGdjNmJkdDJTSDVhVFkxc1VfTS1QZ2tqUEkiLCAiSnpZ akg0c3ZsaUgwUjNQeUVNZmVadTZKdDY5dTVxZWhabzdGN0VQWWxTRSIsICJQb3JGYnBL dVZ1Nnh5bUphZ3ZrRnNGWEFiUm9jMkpHbEFVQTJCQTRvN2NJIiwgIlRHZjRvTGJnd2Q1 SlFhSHlLVlFaVTlVZEdFMHc1cnREc3JaemZVYW9tTG8iLCAiWFFfM2tQS3QxWHlYN0tB TmtxVlI2eVoyVmE1TnJQSXZQWWJ5TXZSS0JNTSIsICJYekZyendzY002R242Q0pEYzZ2 Vks4QmtNbmZHOHZPU0tmcFBJWmRBZmRFIiwgImdiT3NJNEVkcTJ4Mkt3LXc1d1BFemFr b2I5aFYxY1JEMEFUTjNvUUw5Sk0iLCAianN1OXlWdWx3UVFsaEZsTV8zSmx6TWFTRnpn bGhRRzBEcGZheVF3TFVLNCJdLCAiaXNzIjogImh0dHBzOi8vaXNzdWVyLmV4YW1wbGUu Y29tIiwgImlhdCI6IDE2ODMwMDAwMDAsICJleHAiOiAxODgzMDAwMDAwLCAic3ViIjog InVzZXJfNDIiLCAibmF0aW9uYWxpdGllcyI6IFt7Ii4uLiI6ICJwRm5kamtaX1ZDem15 VGE2VWpsWm8zZGgta284YUlLUWM5RGxHemhhVllvIn0sIHsiLi4uIjogIjdDZjZKa1B1 ZHJ5M2xjYndIZ2VaOGtoQXYxVTFPU2xlclAwVmtCSnJXWjAifV0sICJfc2RfYWxnIjog InNoYS0yNTYiLCAiY25mIjogeyJqd2siOiB7Imt0eSI6ICJFQyIsICJjcnYiOiAiUC0y NTYiLCAieCI6ICJUQ0FFUjE5WnZ1M09IRjRqNFc0dmZTVm9ISVAxSUxpbERsczd2Q2VH ZW1jIiwgInkiOiAiWnhqaVdXYlpNUUdIVldLVlE0aGJTSWlyc1ZmdWVjQ0U2dDRqVDlG MkhaUSJ9fX0.oQ0UNJB1E1agYouB1yfGXfYLyWueHhfMFuicSV-n_GLXHtX0XK99sfDD ERiWKukCUzadGTT4QbCwXe6JvVmZWw~WyIyR0xDNDJzS1F2ZUNmR2ZyeU5STjl3IiwgI mdpdmVuX25hbWUiLCAiSm9obiJd~WyJlbHVWNU9nM2dTTklJOEVZbnN4QV9BIiwgImZh bWlseV9uYW1lIiwgIkRvZSJd~WyI2SWo3dE0tYTVpVlBHYm9TNXRtdlZBIiwgImVtYWl sIiwgImpvaG5kb2VAZXhhbXBsZS5jb20iXQ~WyJlSThaV205UW5LUHBOUGVOZW5IZGhR IiwgInBob25lX251bWJlciIsICIrMS0yMDItNTU1LTAxMDEiXQ~WyJRZ19PNjR6cUF4Z TQxMmExMDhpcm9BIiwgInBob25lX251bWJlcl92ZXJpZmllZCIsIHRydWVd~WyJBSngt MDk1VlBycFR0TjRRTU9xUk9BIiwgImFkZHJlc3MiLCB7InN0cmVldF9hZGRyZXNzIjog IjEyMyBNYWluIFN0IiwgImxvY2FsaXR5IjogIkFueXRvd24iLCAicmVnaW9uIjogIkFu eXN0YXRlIiwgImNvdW50cnkiOiAiVVMifV0~WyJQYzMzSk0yTGNoY1VfbEhnZ3ZfdWZR IiwgImJpcnRoZGF0ZSIsICIxOTQwLTAxLTAxIl0~WyJHMDJOU3JRZmpGWFE3SW8wOXN5 YWpBIiwgInVwZGF0ZWRfYXQiLCAxNTcwMDAwMDAwXQ~WyJsa2x4RjVqTVlsR1RQVW92T U5JdkNBIiwgIlVTIl0~WyJuUHVvUW5rUkZxM0JJZUFtN0FuWEZBIiwgIkRFIl0~¶
5.2. Presentation
The following non-normative example shows an SD-JWT+KB as
it would be sent from the Holder to the Verifier. Note that it consists of six
tilde-separated parts, with the Issuer-signed JWT as shown above in the beginning,
four Disclosures (for the claims given_name
, family_name
, address
, and one of the
nationalities
) in the middle, and the Key Binding JWT as the last element.¶
eyJhbGciOiAiRVMyNTYiLCAidHlwIjogImV4YW1wbGUrc2Qtand0In0.eyJfc2QiOiBb IkNyUWU3UzVrcUJBSHQtbk1ZWGdjNmJkdDJTSDVhVFkxc1VfTS1QZ2tqUEkiLCAiSnpZ akg0c3ZsaUgwUjNQeUVNZmVadTZKdDY5dTVxZWhabzdGN0VQWWxTRSIsICJQb3JGYnBL dVZ1Nnh5bUphZ3ZrRnNGWEFiUm9jMkpHbEFVQTJCQTRvN2NJIiwgIlRHZjRvTGJnd2Q1 SlFhSHlLVlFaVTlVZEdFMHc1cnREc3JaemZVYW9tTG8iLCAiWFFfM2tQS3QxWHlYN0tB TmtxVlI2eVoyVmE1TnJQSXZQWWJ5TXZSS0JNTSIsICJYekZyendzY002R242Q0pEYzZ2 Vks4QmtNbmZHOHZPU0tmcFBJWmRBZmRFIiwgImdiT3NJNEVkcTJ4Mkt3LXc1d1BFemFr b2I5aFYxY1JEMEFUTjNvUUw5Sk0iLCAianN1OXlWdWx3UVFsaEZsTV8zSmx6TWFTRnpn bGhRRzBEcGZheVF3TFVLNCJdLCAiaXNzIjogImh0dHBzOi8vaXNzdWVyLmV4YW1wbGUu Y29tIiwgImlhdCI6IDE2ODMwMDAwMDAsICJleHAiOiAxODgzMDAwMDAwLCAic3ViIjog InVzZXJfNDIiLCAibmF0aW9uYWxpdGllcyI6IFt7Ii4uLiI6ICJwRm5kamtaX1ZDem15 VGE2VWpsWm8zZGgta284YUlLUWM5RGxHemhhVllvIn0sIHsiLi4uIjogIjdDZjZKa1B1 ZHJ5M2xjYndIZ2VaOGtoQXYxVTFPU2xlclAwVmtCSnJXWjAifV0sICJfc2RfYWxnIjog InNoYS0yNTYiLCAiY25mIjogeyJqd2siOiB7Imt0eSI6ICJFQyIsICJjcnYiOiAiUC0y NTYiLCAieCI6ICJUQ0FFUjE5WnZ1M09IRjRqNFc0dmZTVm9ISVAxSUxpbERsczd2Q2VH ZW1jIiwgInkiOiAiWnhqaVdXYlpNUUdIVldLVlE0aGJTSWlyc1ZmdWVjQ0U2dDRqVDlG MkhaUSJ9fX0.oQ0UNJB1E1agYouB1yfGXfYLyWueHhfMFuicSV-n_GLXHtX0XK99sfDD ERiWKukCUzadGTT4QbCwXe6JvVmZWw~WyJlbHVWNU9nM2dTTklJOEVZbnN4QV9BIiwgI mZhbWlseV9uYW1lIiwgIkRvZSJd~WyJBSngtMDk1VlBycFR0TjRRTU9xUk9BIiwgImFk ZHJlc3MiLCB7InN0cmVldF9hZGRyZXNzIjogIjEyMyBNYWluIFN0IiwgImxvY2FsaXR5 IjogIkFueXRvd24iLCAicmVnaW9uIjogIkFueXN0YXRlIiwgImNvdW50cnkiOiAiVVMi fV0~WyIyR0xDNDJzS1F2ZUNmR2ZyeU5STjl3IiwgImdpdmVuX25hbWUiLCAiSm9obiJd ~WyJsa2x4RjVqTVlsR1RQVW92TU5JdkNBIiwgIlVTIl0~eyJhbGciOiAiRVMyNTYiLCA idHlwIjogImtiK2p3dCJ9.eyJub25jZSI6ICIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwgImF1ZCI6ICJodH RwczovL3ZlcmlmaWVyLmV4YW1wbGUub3JnIiwgImlhdCI6IDE3MjkyNjYwNjksICJzZF 9oYXNoIjogIkJjeXFQa0NRbXJiUlE1Wi10Q2JveThzcmMxSkRjWjJzUnMxRzVNZTFfZW cifQ.9KXol4RvzoZrROtAZDHng2-aLaiQN3BjJtlsUrQu5UIUzVW5L9qAmAiO_pWXeHs 8SMWRXNNKwsu5F2WtlUb4Tg¶
The following Key Binding JWT payload was created and signed for this presentation by the Holder:¶
{ "nonce": "1234567890", "aud": "https://verifier.example.org", "iat": 1729266069, "sd_hash": "BcyqPkCQmrbRQ5Z-tCboy8src1JDcZ2sRs1G5Me1_eg" }¶
If the Verifier did not require Key Binding, then the Holder could have presented the SD-JWT with selected Disclosures directly, instead of encapsulating it in an SD-JWT+KB.¶
After validation, the Verifier will have the following processed SD-JWT payload available for further handling:¶
{ "iss": "https://issuer.example.com", "iat": 1683000000, "exp": 1883000000, "sub": "user_42", "nationalities": [ "US" ], "cnf": { "jwk": { "kty": "EC", "crv": "P-256", "x": "TCAER19Zvu3OHF4j4W4vfSVoHIP1ILilDls7vCeGemc", "y": "ZxjiWWbZMQGHVWKVQ4hbSIirsVfuecCE6t4jT9F2HZQ" } }, "family_name": "Doe", "address": { "street_address": "123 Main St", "locality": "Anytown", "region": "Anystate", "country": "US" }, "given_name": "John" }¶