LISP Working Group A. Rodriguez-Natal Internet-Draft V. Ermagan Intended status: Experimental J. Leong Expires: April 7, 2019 F. Maino Cisco Systems A. Cabellos-Aparicio Technical University of Catalonia S. Barkai Fermi Serverless D. Farinacci lispers.net M. Boucadair C. Jacquenet Orange S. Secci LIP6 UPMC October 4, 2018 Publish/Subscribe Functionality for LISP draft-ietf-lisp-pubsub-01 Abstract This document specifies an extension to the use of Map-Request to enable Publish/Subscribe (PubSub) operation for LISP. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on April 7, 2019. Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 1] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2018 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4. Deployment Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5. Map-Request Additions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 6. Mapping Request Subscribe Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7. Mapping Notification Publish Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 9. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 11. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1. Introduction The Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis] splits current IP addresses in two different namespaces, Endpoint Identifiers (EIDs) and Routing Locators (RLOCs). LISP uses a map- and-encap approach that relies on (1) a Mapping System (basically a distributed database) that stores and disseminates EID-RLOC mappings and on (2) LISP tunnel routers (xTRs) that encapsulate and decapsulate data packets based on the content of those mappings. ITRs/RTRs/PITRs pull EID-to-RLOC mapping information from the Mapping System by means of an explicit request message. [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis] indicates how ETRs can tell ITRs/RTRs/ PITRs about mapping changes. This document presents a Publish/ Subscribe (PubSub) extension in which the Mapping System can notify ITRs/RTRs/PITRs about mapping changes. When this mechanism is used, mapping changes can be notified faster and can be managed in the Mapping System versus the LISP sites. Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 2] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 In general, when an ITR/RTR/PITR wants to be notified for mapping changes for a given EID-prefix, the following steps occur: (1) The ITR/RTR/PITR sends a Map-Request for that EID-prefix. (2) The ITR/RTR/PITR sets the Notification-Requested bit (N-bit) on the Map-Request and includes its xTR-ID and Site-ID. (3) The Map-Request is forwarded to one of the Map-Servers that the EID-prefix is registered to. (4) The Map-Server creates subscription state for the ITR/RTR/PITR on the EID-prefix. (5) The Map-Server sends a Map-Notify to the ITR/RTR/PITR to acknowledge the successful subscription. (6) When there is an RLOC-set change for the EID-prefix, the Map- Server sends a Map-Notify message to each ITR/RTR/PITR in the subscription list. (7) Each ITR/RTR/PITR sends a Map-Notify-Ack to acknowledge the received Map-Notify. This operation is repeated for all EID-prefixes for which ITR/RTR/ PITR want to be notified. The ITR/RTR/PITR can set the N-bit for several EID-prefixes within a single Map-Request. 2. Requirements Language The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. 3. Definition of Terms LISP xTR-ID: A 128-bit field that is used as a unique identifier for an xTR. The xTR-ID is especially useful for identifying multiple xTRs serving the same site/EID-prefix. A value of all zeros indicate the xTR-ID is unspecified. LISP Site-ID: A 64-bit field that is used as a unique identifier of a group of xTRs belonging to the same site. A value of 0 indicate the Site-ID is unspecified. Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 3] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 4. Deployment Assumptions The specification described in this document makes the following deployment assumptions: (1) A unique 128-bit xTR-ID (plus a 64-bit Site-ID) identifier is assigned to each xTR. (2) Map-Servers are configured in proxy-reply mode, i.e., they are solicited to generate and send Map-Reply messages for the mappings they are serving. (3) There can be either a soft-state or hard-state security association between the xTRs and the Map-Servers. The distribution of xTR-IDs (and Site-IDs) and the management of security associations are out of the scope of this document. 5. Map-Request Additions Figure 1 shows the format of the updated Map-Request [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis] to support the PubSub functionality. Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 4] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Type=1 |A|M|P|S|p|s|R|I| Reserved | IRC | Record Count | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Nonce . . . | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | . . . Nonce | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Source-EID-AFI | Source EID Address ... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | ITR-RLOC-AFI 1 | ITR-RLOC Address 1 ... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | ... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | ITR-RLOC-AFI n | ITR-RLOC Address n ... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ / |N| Reserved | EID mask-len | EID-Prefix-AFI | Rec +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \ | EID-Prefix ... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Map-Reply Record ... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | + + | | + xTR-ID + | | + + | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | + Site-ID + | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 1: Map-Request with I-bit, N-bit, xTR-ID and Site-ID The following is added to the Map-Request message defined in [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis]: xTR-ID bit (I-bit): The I-bit of a Map-Request message is set to 1 to indicate that a 128 bit xTR-ID and a 64 bit Site-ID fields are present at the end of the Map-Request message. If an xTR is configured with an xTR-ID or Site-ID, it MUST set the I bit to 1 and include its xTR-ID and Site-ID in the Map-Request messages it generates. If either the xTR-ID or Site-ID is not configured an Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 5] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 unspecified value is encoded for whichever ID that is not configured. Notification-Requested bit (N-bit): The N-bit of an EID-record is set to 1 to specify that the xTR wants to be notified of updates for that mapping record. xTR-ID field: xTR-ID is a 128 bit field at the end of the Map- Request message, starting after the final Record in the message (or the Map-Reply Record, if present). The xTR-ID is used to uniquely identify the sender of a Map-Request message, especially in the case where a site has more than one xTR. A value of all zeros indicate that an xTR-ID is not specified, though encoded in the message. This is useful in the case where a Site-ID is specified, but no xTR-ID is configured. Site-ID field: Site-ID is a 64 bit field at the end of the Map- Request message, following the xTR-ID. Site-ID is used by the Map-Server receiving the Map-Request message to identify which xTRs belong to the same site. A value of 0 indicate that a Site- ID is not specified, though encoded in the message. 6. Mapping Request Subscribe Procedures The xTR subscribes for RLOC-set changes for a given EID-prefix by sending a Map-Request to the Mapping System with the N-bit set on the EID-Record. The xTR builds a Map-Request according to [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis] but also does the following: (1) The xTR MUST set the I-bit of the Map-Request message to 1 and append its xTR-ID and Site-ID to the Map-Request. The xTR-ID uniquely identifies the xTR. (2) The xTR MUST set the N-bit to 1 for each EID-Record to which the xTR wants to subscribe. The Map-Request is forwarded to the appropriate Map-Server through the Mapping System. This document does not assume that a Map-Server is pre-assigned to handle the subscription state for a given xTR. The Map-Server that receives the Map-Request will be the Map-Server responsible to notify that specific xTR about future mapping changes for the subscribed mapping records. Upon reception of the Map-Request, the Map-Server processes it as described in [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis]. Upon processing, for each EID-Record that has the N-bit set to 1, the Map-Server proceeds adding the xTR-ID contained in the Map-Request to the list of xTR that have requested to be subscribed to that mapping record. Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 6] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 If the xTR-ID is added to the list, the Map-Server MUST send a Map- Notify message back to the xTR to acknowledge the successful subscription. The Map-Server MUST follow the specification in Section 6.1.7 of [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis] to build the Map-Notify with the following considerations. (1) The Map-Server MUST use the nonce from the Map-Request as the nonce for the Map-Notify. (2) The Map-Server MUST use its security association with the xTR (see Section 4) to compute the authentication data of the Map- Notify. (3) The Map-Server MUST send the Map-Notify to one of the ITR-RLOCs received in the Map-Request. When the xTR receives a Map-Notify with a nonce that matches one in the list of outstanding Map-Request messages sent with an N-bit set, it knows that the Map-Notify is to acknowledge a successful subscription. The xTR processes this Map-Notify as described in [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis] with the following considerations. The xTR MUST use its security association with the Map-Server (see Section 4) to validate the authentication data on the Map-Notify. The xTR MUST use the Map-Notify to populate its map-cache with the returned EID-prefix and RLOC-set. The subscription of an xTR-ID to the list of subscribers for the EID- Record may fail for a number of reasons. For example, because of local configuration policies (such as white/black lists of subscribers), or because the Map-Server has exhausted the resources to dedicate to the subscription of that EID-Record (e.g., the number of subscribers excess the capacity of the Map-Server). If the subscription fails, the Map-Server MUST send a Map-Reply to the originator of the Map-Request, as described in [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis]. This is also the case when the Map- Server does not support PubSub operation. The xTR processes the Map- Reply as specified in [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis]. If an xTR-ID is successfully added to the list of subscribers for an EID-Record, the Map-Server MUST extract the ITR-RLOCs present in the Map-Request, and store the association between the xTR-ID and those RLOCs. Any already present state regarding ITR-RLOCs for the same xTR-ID MUST be overwritten. If the Map-Request only has one ITR-RLOC with AFI = 0 (i.e. Unknown Address), the Map-Server MUST remove the subscription state for that xTR-ID. In this case, the Map-Server MUST send the Map-Notify to the Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 7] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 source RLOC of the Map-Request. When the TTL for the EID-record expires, the EID-prefix is removed from the Map-Server's subscription cache. On EID-Record removal, the Map-Server notifies the subscribers via a Map-Notify with TTL equal 0. 7. Mapping Notification Publish Procedures The publish procedure is implemented via Map-Notify messages that the Map-Server sends to xTRs. The xTRs acknowledge the reception of Map- Notifies via sending Map-Notify-Ack messages back to the Map-Server. The complete mechanism works as follows. When a mapping stored in a Map-Server is updated (e.g. via a Map- Register from an ETR), the Map-Server MUST notify the subscribers of that mapping via sending Map-Notify messages with the most updated mapping information. The Map-Notify message sent to each of the subscribers as a result of an update event MUST follow the exact encoding and logic defined in [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis] for Map- Notify, except for the following: (1) The Map-Notify MUST be sent to one of the ITR-RLOCs associated with the xTR-ID of the subscriber. (2) The nonce of the Map-Notify MUST be the one the subscriber sent in the Map-Request. If the subscriber sent no Map-Request (e.g. was subscribed via configuration at the Map-Server) the nonce MUST be randomly generated by the Map-Server. (3) The Map-Server MUST use its security association with the xTR to compute the authentication data of the Map-Notify. When the xTR receives a Map-Notify with a nonce sent previously in a Map-Request, or with a nonce not present in any list of previously sent nonces but with an EID not local to the xTR, the xTR knows that the Map-Notify has been received to update an entry on its map-cache. Processing of unsolicited Map-Notify messages MUST be explicitly enabled via configuration at the xTR. The xTR processes the received Map-Notify as specified in [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis], with the following considerations. The xTR MUST use its security association with the Map-Server (see Section 4) to validate the authentication data on the Map-Notify. The xTR MUST use the mapping information carried in the Map-Notify to update its internal map-cache. The xTR MUST acknowledge the Map- Notify by sending back a Map-Notify-Ack (specified in [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis]), with the nonce from the Map-Notify, to the Map-Server. If after a configurable timeout, the Map-Server has Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 8] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 not received back the Map-Notify-Ack, it CAN try to send the Map- Notify to a different ITR-RLOC for that xTR-ID. 8. Security Considerations The way to provide a security association between the ITRs and the Map-Servers must be evaluated according to the size of the deployment. For small deployments, it is possible to have a shared key (or set of keys) between the ITRs and the Map-Servers. For larger and Internet-scale deployments, scalability is a concern and further study is needed. 9. Acknowledgments This work is partly funded by the ANR LISP-Lab project #ANR- 13-INFR-009 (https://lisplab.lip6.fr). 10. IANA Considerations This document is requesting bit allocations in the Map-Request message. The registry is introduced in [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis] and named "LISP Control Plane Header Bits". This document is adding bits to the sub-registry "Map-Request Header Bits". Sub-Registry: Map-Request Header Bits: 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Type=1 |A|M|P|S|p|s|R|I| Rsvd |L|D| IRC | Record Count | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ ~ ... Nonce, Source EID and ITR RLOCs ... ~ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |N| Reserved | EID mask-len | EID-Prefix-AFI | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +----------+---------------+-------------+--------------------------+ | Spec | IANA Name | Bit | Description | | Name | | Position | | +----------+---------------+-------------+--------------------------+ | I | map-request-I | 11 | xTR-ID Bit | | N | map-request-N | ... + 0 | Notification-Requested | | | | | Bit | +----------+---------------+-------------+--------------------------+ LISP Map-Request Header Bits Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 9] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 11. Normative References [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis] Fuller, V., Farinacci, D., and A. Cabellos-Aparicio, "Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) Control-Plane", draft-ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis-17 (work in progress), October 2018. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, . Authors' Addresses Alberto Rodriguez-Natal Cisco Systems 170 Tasman Drive San Jose, CA USA Email: natal@cisco.com Vina Ermagan Cisco Systems 170 Tasman Drive San Jose, CA USA Email: vermagan@cisco.com Johnson Leong Cisco Systems 170 Tasman Drive San Jose, CA USA Email: joleong@cisco.com Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 10] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 Fabio Maino Cisco Systems 170 Tasman Drive San Jose, CA USA Email: fmaino@cisco.com Albert Cabellos-Aparicio Technical University of Catalonia Barcelona Spain Email: acabello@ac.upc.edu Sharon Barkai Fermi Serverless CA USA Email: sharon@fermicloud.io Dino Farinacci lispers.net San Jose, CA USA Email: farinacci@gmail.com Mohamed Boucadair Orange Rennes 35000 France Email: mohamed.boucadair@orange.com Christian Jacquenet Orange Rennes 35000 France Email: christian.jacquenet@orange.com Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 11] Internet-Draft LISP-PubSub October 2018 Stefano Secci LIP6 UPMC France Email: stefano.secci@lip6.fr Rodriguez-Natal, et al. Expires April 7, 2019 [Page 12]