IPFIX Working Group E. Boschi Internet-Draft Hitachi Europe Intended status: Standards Track B. Trammell Expires: August 28, 2008 CERT/NetSA L. Mark T. Zseby Fraunhofer FOKUS February 25, 2008 Exporting Type Information for IPFIX Information Elements draft-ietf-ipfix-exporting-type-01.txt Status of this Memo By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. This Internet-Draft will expire on August 28, 2008. Copyright Notice Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008). Abstract This document describes an extension to IPFIX to allow the encoding of IPFIX Information Model properties within an IPFIX Message stream, to allow the export of extended type information for enterprise- specific Information Elements. This format is designed to facilitate Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 1] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 interoperability and reusability among a wide variety of applications and tools. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1. IPFIX Documents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. Type Information Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.1. informationElementDataType . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.2. informationElementDescription . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.3. informationElementName . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.4. informationElementRangeBegin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.5. informationElementRangeEnd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.6. informationElementSemantics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.7. informationElementUnits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.8. privateEnterpriseNumber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.9. Information Element Type Options Template . . . . . . . . 9 3.10. Data Type and Semantics Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Appendix A. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 19 Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 2] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 1. Introduction The IPFIX protocol specification allows the creation of enterprise- specific Information Elements to easily extend the protocol to meet requirements which aren't covered by the existing Information Model. However, IPFIX Templates provide only the ability to export the size of the fields defined by these Information Elements; there is no mechanism to provide full type information for these Information Elements as is defined for the Information Elements in the IPFIX Information Model. This limits the interoperability of enterprise-specific Information Elements. It is not possible to use analysis tools on IPFIX records containing these partially defined Information Elements that have not been developed with a priori knowledge of their types, since such tools will not be able to decode them; these tools can only treat and store them as opaque octet arrays. However, if richer information is available, additional operations such as efficient storage, display, and limited analysis of records containing enterprise-specific Information Elements become possible, even for Collecting Processes that had not been specifically developed to understand them. This document proposes a mechanism to encode the full set of properties available for the definition of Information Elements within the IPFIX Information Model inline within an IPFIX Message stream using IPFIX Options. This mechanism may be used to fully define type information for Information Elements used within a message stream, without resort to an external reference or reliance on out-of-band configuration. Note that the solution described in this draft is only for providing interoperability for enterprise specific information elements that are not yet standardized. The solution introduces overhead and does not lead to real interoperability as provided by standards. Therefore we highly recommend to standardize all new information elements by registering them with IANA. Standardization is straightforward. The type information that needs to be specified in order to support the proposed solution provides a perfect basis for the description required for standardizing the information element. We assume that the proposed solution is mainly used in the following two situations: a) for information elements for very specific solutions or in very specific environments for which a standardization might not seem necessary because only few users are using it or b) temporarily for new information elements before they are standardized or to first investigate whether they become popular enough to become standardized. Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 3] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 It might happen that information elements previously described by the proposed exporting type information later become a standard information element. In some environments old and new version of the information element can coexist. A translation between information elements expressed by the described solution and standardized information elements is not necessary. Collectors will act in accordance to their capabilities and ignore messages that they do not support. 1.1. IPFIX Documents Overview "Specification of the IPFIX Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information" [RFC5101] (informally, the IPFIX Protocol document) and its associated documents define the IPFIX Protocol, which provides network engineers and administrators with access to IP traffic flow information. "Architecture for IP Flow Information Export" [I-D.ietf-ipfix-arch] (the IPFIX Architecture document) defines the architecture for the export of measured IP flow information out of an IPFIX Exporting Process to an IPFIX Collecting Process, and the basic terminology used to describe the elements of this architecture, per the requirements defined in "Requirements for IP Flow Information Export" [RFC3917]. The IPFIX Protocol document [RFC5101] then covers the details of the method for transporting IPFIX Data Records and Templates via a congestion-aware transport protocol from an IPFIX Exporting Process to an IPFIX Collecting Process. "Information Model for IP Flow Information Export" [RFC5102] (informally, the IPFIX Information Model document) describes the Information Elements used by IPFIX, including details on Information Element naming, numbering, and data type encoding. This document references the Protocol and Architecture documents for terminology and extends the IPFIX Information Model to provide new Information Elements for the representation of Information Element properties. 2. Terminology Terms used in this document that are defined in the Terminology section of the IPFIX Protocol [RFC5101] document are to be interpreted as defined there. The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 4] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 3. Type Information Export This section describes the mechanism used to encode Information Element type information within an IPFIX Message stream. This mechanism consists of an Options Template Record used to define Information Element type records, and a set of Information Elements required by these type records. We first specify the necessary Information Elements, followed by the Information Element Type Options Template itself. Note that Information Element type records require one Information Element, informationElementId, that is defined in the PSAMP Information Model [I-D.ietf-psamp-info]. 3.1. informationElementDataType Description: A description of the storage type of an IPFIX information element. These correspond to the abstract data types defined in section 3.1 of the IPFIX Information Model [RFC5102]; see that section for more information on the types described below. This field may take the following values: +-------+----------------------+ | Value | Description | +-------+----------------------+ | 0x00 | octetArray | | 0x01 | unsigned8 | | 0x02 | unsigned16 | | 0x03 | unsigned32 | | 0x04 | unsigned64 | | 0x05 | signed8 | | 0x06 | signed16 | | 0x07 | signed32 | | 0x08 | signed64 | | 0x09 | float32 | | 0x0A | float64 | | 0x0B | boolean | | 0x0C | macAddress | | 0x0D | string | | 0x0E | dateTimeSeconds | | 0x0F | dateTimeMilliseconds | | 0x10 | dateTimeMicroseconds | | 0x11 | dateTimeNanoseconds | | 0x12 | ipv4Address | | 0x13 | ipv6Address | +-------+----------------------+ These types are registered in the IANA IPFIX Information Element Data Type subregistry. This subregistry is intended to assign numbers for type names, not to provide a mechanism for adding data Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 5] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 types to the IPFIX Protocol, and as such requires a Standards Action [RFC2434] to modify. Abstract Data Type: unsigned8 ElementId: TBD1 Status: Proposed Reference: Section 3.1 of the IPFIX Information Model [RFC5102] 3.2. informationElementDescription Description: A string containing a human-readable description of an Information Element. Abstract Data Type: string Data Type Semantics: identifier ElementId: TBD2 Status: Proposed 3.3. informationElementName Description: A string containing the name of an Information Element. Abstract Data Type: string Data Type Semantics: identifier ElementId: TBD3 Status: Proposed 3.4. informationElementRangeBegin Description: Contains the inclusive low end of the range of acceptable values for an Information Element. Not valid and SHOULD be ignored by a Collecting Process unless informationElementRangeEnd is also available for the same Information Element. Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 6] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 Abstract Data Type: unsigned64 Data Type Semantics: quantity ElementId: TBD4 Status: Proposed 3.5. informationElementRangeEnd Description: Contains the inclusive high end of the range of acceptable values for an Information Element. Not valid and SHOULD be ignored by a Collecting Process unless informationElementRangeBegin is also available for the same Information Element. Abstract Data Type: unsigned64 Data Type Semantics: quantity ElementId: TBD5 Status: Proposed 3.6. informationElementSemantics Description: A description of the semantics of an IPFIX information element. These correspond to the data type semantics defined in section 3.2 of the IPFIX Information Model [RFC5102]; see that section for more information on the types described below. This field may take the following values; the special value 0x00 (none) is used to note that no semantics apply to the field; it cannot be manipulated by a Collecting Process or File Reader that does not understand it a priori. +-------+--------------+ | Value | Description | +-------+--------------+ | 0x00 | none | | 0x01 | quantity | | 0x02 | totalCounter | | 0x03 | deltaCounter | | 0x04 | identifier | | 0x05 | flags | +-------+--------------+ These semantics are registered in the IANA IPFIX Information Element Semantics subregistry. This subregistry is intended to Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 7] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 assign numbers for semantics names, not to provide a mechanism for adding semantics to the IPFIX Protocol, and as such requires a Standards Action [RFC2434] to modify. Abstract Data Type: unsigned8 ElementId: TBD6 Status: Proposed Reference: Section 3.2 of the IPFIX Information Model [RFC5102] 3.7. informationElementUnits Description: A description of the units of an IPFIX Information Element. These correspond to the units implicitly defined in the Information Element definitions in section 5 of the IPFIX Information Model [RFC5102]; see that section for more information on the types described below. This field may take the following values; the special value 0x00 (none) is used to note that the field is unitless. +--------+---------------+---------------------------+ | Value | Name | Notes | +--------+---------------+---------------------------+ | 0x0000 | none | | | 0x0001 | bits | | | 0x0002 | octets | | | 0x0003 | packets | | | 0x0004 | flows | | | 0x0005 | seconds | | | 0x0006 | milliseconds | | | 0x0007 | microseconds | | | 0x0008 | nanoseconds | | | 0x0009 | 4-octet words | for IPv4 header length | | 0x000A | messages | for reliability reporting | | 0x000B | hops | for TTL | | 0x000C | entries | for MPLS label stack | +--------+---------------+---------------------------+ These types are registered in the IANA IPFIX Information Element Units subregistry; new types may be added on a First Come First Served [RFC2434] basis. Abstract Data Type: unsigned16 Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 8] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 ElementId: TBD7 Status: Proposed Reference: Section 5 of the IPFIX Information Model [RFC5102] 3.8. privateEnterpriseNumber Description: A private enterprise number used to scope an informationElementID, as would appear in an IPFIX Template Record. This element can be used to scope properties to a specific Information Element. If the Enterprise ID bit of the corresponding Information Element is cleared (has the value 0), this IE should be set to 0. The presence of a non-zero value in this IE implies that the Enterprise ID bit of the corresponding Information Element is set (has the value 1). Abstract Data Type: unsigned32 Data Type Semantics: identifier ElementId: TBD8 Status: Proposed Reference: Section 3.4.1 of the IPFIX Protocol [RFC5101] 3.9. Information Element Type Options Template The Information Element Type Options Template attaches type information to Information Elements used within Template Records, as scoped to an Observation Domain within a Transport Session. This provides a mechanism for representing an IPFIX Information Model inline within an IPFIX Message stream. Data Records described by this template are referred to as Information Element type records. In deployments in which interoperability across vendor implementations of IPFIX is important, an Exporting Process exporting data using Templates containing enterprise-specific Information Elements SHOULD export an Information Element type record for each enterprise-specific Information Element it exports. Collecting Processes MAY use these type records to improve handling of unknown enterprise-specific Information Elements. Exporting Processes using enterprise-specific Information Elements to implement proprietary features MAY omit type records for those Information Elements. Information Element type records MUST be handled by Collecting Processes as scoped to the Transport Session in which they are sent; Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 9] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 this facility is not intended to provide a method for the permanent definition of Information Elements. Similarly, for security reasons, type information for a given Information Element MUST NOT be re-defined by Information Element type records, and a Collecting Process MUST NOT allow an Information Element type record to replace its own internal definition of an Information Element. Information Element type records SHOULD NOT be duplicated within a Transport Session, but once an Information Element type record has been exported for a given Information Element within a given Transport Session, all subsequent type records for that Information Element MUST be identical. Conflicting semantic or type information MUST be ignored by a Collecting Process. The template SHOULD contain the following Information Elements as defined in the PSAMP Information Model [I-D.ietf-psamp-info] and in this document, above: +-------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | IE | Description | +-------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | informationElementID | The Information Element | | | identifier of the Information | | | Element within the specified | | | Template this record describes. | | | This Information Element MUST be | | | defined as a Scope Field. See | | | the PSAMP Information Model | | | [I-D.ietf-psamp-info] for a | | | definition of this field. | | privateEnterpriseNumber | The Private Enterprise number of | | | the Information Element within | | | the specified Template this | | | record describes. This | | | Information Element MUST be | | | defined as a Scope Field. | | informationElementDataType | The storage type of the specified | | | Information Element. | | informationElementSemantics | The semantic type of the | | | specified Information Element. | | informationElementUnits | The units of the specified | | | Information Element. This | | | element MAY be omitted if the | | | Information Element is a unitless | | | quantity, or a not a quantity or | | | counter. | Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 10] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 | informationElementRangeBegin | The low end of the range of | | | acceptable values for the | | | specified Information Element. | | | This element MAY be omitted if | | | the Information Element's | | | acceptable range is defined by | | | its data type. | | informationElementRangeEnd | The high end of the range of | | | acceptable values for the | | | specified Information Element. | | | This element MAY be omitted if | | | the Information Element's | | | acceptable range is defined by | | | its data type. | | informationElementName | The name of the specified | | | Information Element. | | informationElementDescription | A human readable description of | | | the specified Information | | | Element. This element MAY be | | | omitted in the interest of export | | | efficiency. | +-------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ 3.10. Data Type and Semantics Restrictions Note that the informationElementSemantics values are primarily intended to differentiate semantic interpretation of numeric values, and that not all combinations of the informationElementDataType and informationElementSemantics Information Elements are valid; e.g., a counter cannot be encoded as an IPv4 address. Any informationElementSemantics value is valid for unsigned informationElementDataType values ("unsigned8", "unsigned16", "unsigned32", or "unsigned64"). Any informationElementSemantics value except flags is valid for signed informationElementDataType values ("signed8", "signed16", "signed32", or "signed64"). Any informationElementSemantics value except "identifier" or "flags" is valid for floating-point informationElementDataType values ("float32" or "float64"). Only the informationElementSemantics value "none" is valid for all other other informationElementDataType values ("octetArray", "boolean", "macAddress", "string", "dateTimeSeconds", "dateTimeMilliseconds", "dateTimeMicroseconds", "dateTimeNanoseconds", "ipv4Address", or "ipv6Address"). Information Element type records containing invalid combinations of informationElementSemantics and informationElementDataType MUST NOT be sent by Exporting Processes, and MUST be ignored by Collecting Processes. Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 11] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 Future standards actions that modify the Information Element Data Type subregistry or the Information Element Semantics subregistry should contain a Data Type and Semantics Restrictions sections such as this one to define allowable combinations of type and semantics information. 4. Security Considerations The same security considerations as for the IPFIX Protocol [RFC5101] apply. 5. IANA Considerations This document specifies the creation of several new IPFIX Information Elements in the IPFIX Information Element registry located at http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix, as defined in section 3 above. IANA has assigned the following Information Element numbers for their respective Information Elements as specified below: o Information Element Number TBD1 for the informationElementDataType Information Element o Information Element Number TBD2 for the informationElementDescription Information Element o Information Element Number TBD3 for the informationElementName Information Element o Information Element Number TBD4 for the informationElementRangeBegin Information Element o Information Element Number TBD5 for the informationElementRangeEnd Information Element o Information Element Number TBD6 for the informationElementSemantics Information Element o Information Element Number TBD7 for the informationElementUnits Information Element o Information Element Number TBD8 for the privateEnterpriseNumber Information Element o [NOTE for IANA: The text TBD1, TBD2, TBD3, TBD4, TBD5, TBD6, TBD7, and TBD8 should be replaced with the respective assigned Information Element numbers where they appear in this document.] Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 12] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 IANA has created an Information Element Data Type subregistry for the values defined for the informationElementSemantics Information Element. Entries may be added to this subregistry subject to a Standards Action [RFC2434]. [NOTE for IANA: Please create a new Information Element Data Type subregistry as specified in the paragraph above, with values taken from section 3.1 of this document.] IANA has created an Information Element Semantics subregistry for the values defined for the informationElementSemantics Information Element. Entries may be added to this subregistry subject to a Standards Action [RFC2434]. [NOTE for IANA: Please create a new Information Element Semantics subregistry as specified in the paragraph above, with values taken from section 3.6 of this document.] IANA has created an Information Element Units subregistry for the values defined for the informationElementUnits Information Element. Entries may be added to this subregistry on an Expert Review [RFC2434] basis. [NOTE for IANA: Please create a new Information Element Units subregistry as specified in the paragraph above, with values taken from section 3.7 of this document.] 6. Acknowledgements Thanks to Paul Aitken for the detailed technical review, and to David Moore for first raising this issue to the IPFIX mailing list. 7. References 7.1. Normative References [RFC5101] Claise, B., "Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information", RFC 5101, January 2008. [RFC5102] Quittek, J., Bryant, S., Claise, B., Aitken, P., and J. Meyer, "Information Model for IP Flow Information Export", RFC 5102, January 2008. [I-D.ietf-psamp-info] Dietz, T., Claise, B., Aitken, P., Dressler, F., and G. Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 13] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 Carle, "Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports", draft-ietf-psamp-info-08 (work in progress), February 2008. 7.2. Informative References [RFC3917] Quittek, J., Zseby, T., Claise, B., and S. Zander, "Requirements for IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)", RFC 3917, October 2004. [I-D.ietf-ipfix-arch] Sadasivan, G. and N. Brownlee, "Architecture Model for IP Flow Information Export", draft-ietf-ipfix-arch-02 (work in progress), October 2003. [RFC5103] Trammell, B. and E. Boschi, "Bidirectional Flow Export Using IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)", RFC 5103, January 2008. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC2434] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 2434, October 1998. Appendix A. Examples The following example illustrates how the type information extension mechanism defined in this document may be used to describe the semantics of enterprise-specific Information Elements. The Information Elements used in this example are as follows: o initialTCPFlags, CERT (PEN 6871) private IE 14, 1 octet, the TCP flags on the first TCP packet in the flow. o unionTCPFlags, CERT (PEN 6871) private IE 15, 1 octet, the union of the TCP flags on all packets after the first TCP packet in the flow. An Exporting Process exporting flows containing these Information Elements might use a Template like the following: Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 14] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Set ID = 2 | Length = 52 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Template ID = 256 | Field Count = 9 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0| flowStartSeconds 150 | Field Length = 4 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0| sourceIPv4Address 8 | Field Length = 4 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0| destinationIPv4Address 12 | Field Length = 4 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0| sourceTransportPort 7 | Field Length = 2 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0| destinationTransportPort 11 | Field Length = 2 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0| octetTotalCount 85 | Field Length = 4 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |1| (initialTCPFlags) 14 | Field Length = 1 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | PEN 6871 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |1| (unionTCPFlags) 15 | Field Length = 1 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | PEN 6871 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |0| protocolIdentifier 4 | Field Length = 1 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 1: Template with Enterprise-Specific IEs However, a Collecting Process receiving Data Sets described by this Template can only treat the enterprise-specific Information Elements as opaque octets; specifically, there is no hint to the collector that they contain flag information. To use the type information extension mechanism to address this problem, the Exporting Process would first export the Information Element Type Options Template described in section 3.9 above: Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 15] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Set ID = 3 | Length = 26 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Template ID = 257 | Field Count = 4 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Scope Field Count = 2 |0| priv.EnterpriseNumber TBD8 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Field Length = 4 |0| informationElementId 303 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Field Length = 2 |0| inf.El.DataType TBD1 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Field Length = 1 |0| inf.El.Semantics TBD6 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Field Length = 1 |0| inf.El.Name TBD3 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Field Length = 65536 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 2: Example Information Element Type Options Template Then, the Exporting Process would then export two records described by the Example Information Element Type Options Template to describe the enterprise-specific Information Elements: Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 16] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Set ID = 257 | Length = 50 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | PEN 6871 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | IE 14 |0x01 unsigned8 |0x05 flags | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | 15 length | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | "initialTCPFlags" | | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | PEN 6871 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | IE 15 |0x01 unsigned8 |0x05 flags | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | 13 length | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ "unionTCPFlags" | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Figure 3: Type Information Extension Example Authors' Addresses Elisa Boschi Hitachi Europe c/o ETH Zurich Gloriastrasse 35 8092 Zurich Switzerland Phone: +41 44 6327057 Email: elisa.boschi@hitachi-eu.com Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 17] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 Brian H. Trammell CERT Network Situational Awareness Software Engineering Institute 4500 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 United States Phone: +1 412 268 9748 Email: bht@cert.org Lutz Mark Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems Kaiserin-Augusta-Allee 31 10589 Berlin Germany Phone: +49 30 3463 7306 Email: lutz.mark@fokus.fraunhofer.de Tanja Zseby Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems Kaiserin-Augusta-Allee 31 10589 Berlin Germany Phone: +49 30 3463 7153 Email: tanja.zseby@fokus.fraunhofer.de Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 18] Internet-Draft IPFIX Type Information February 2008 Full Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008). This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights. This document and the information contained herein are provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Intellectual Property The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at http://www.ietf.org/ipr. The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-ipr@ietf.org. Acknowledgment Funding for the RFC Editor function is provided by the IETF Administrative Support Activity (IASA). Boschi, et al. Expires August 28, 2008 [Page 19]