Network Working Group B. Decraene Internet-Draft Orange Intended status: Standards Track C. Bowers Expires: December 28, 2019 Jayesh. J Juniper Networks, Inc. T. Li Arista Networks G. Van de Velde Nokia June 26, 2019 IS-IS Flooding Speed advertisement draft-decraene-lsr-isis-flooding-speed-00 Abstract This document proposes a mechanism that can be used to increase the speed at which link state information is flooded across a network when multiple LSPDUs need to be flooded, such as in case of a node failure. It also reduces the likelihood of overloading the downstream flooding neighbors. This document defines a new TLV to be advertised in IS-IS Hello messages. This TLV carries two parameters indicating the performance capacity to receive LSPDUs: the minimum delay between two consecutive LSPDUs and the number of LSPDUs which can the received back to back. Requirements Language The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 RFC 2119 [RFC2119] RFC 8174 [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any Decraene, et al. Expires December 28, 2019 [Page 1] Internet-Draft IS-IS Flooding Speed advertisement June 2019 time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on December 28, 2019. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2019 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Flooding Speed TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4. Interaction with other LSPDU rate limiting mechanisms . . . . 5 5. Determining values to be advertised in the Flooding Speed TLV 6 6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 8. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Appendix A. Changes / Author Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1. Introduction IGP flooding is paramount for Link State IGP as routing computations assume that the Link State DataBases (LSDBs) are always in sync across all nodes in the flooding domain. Slow flooding directly translates to delayed network reaction to failure and LSDB inconsistencies across nodes. The former increases packets losses. The latter translates to routing inconsistencies and micro-loops leading to packets losses, link(s) overload, and jitter for all classes of services. Note that the link(s) affected by those forwarding issues may be any link in the network and not necessarely the links whose IGP status has changed. Decraene, et al. Expires December 28, 2019 [Page 2] Internet-Draft IS-IS Flooding Speed advertisement June 2019 IGP flooding is hard. One would want fast flooding when the network is stable and slow enough flooding to not overload the neighbor(s) when the network is less stable. Since flooding is performed hop by hop, not overloading the adjacent neighbors is sufficient. This document addresses these requirements by shaping LSPDUs with a minimal delay between two consecutives LSPDUs. This flooding behavior is already largely implemented by most implementations and hence doesn't require changes in the basic flooding behavior. However existing implementations rely on a shaping delay configured on the node sending the LSPDUs. But since the need is to not overload the downstream flooding node, the need is for the upstream flooding nodee to know the receiving speed of its downstream flooding neighbors. Although in theory this parameter could be configured on each upstream flooding node, given the knowledge of each of its neighbor in the topology and the receiving speed of those neighbors, in practice this configuration is difficult to maintain over time as the network topology change. In addition, as things currently stand, each network operator needs to evaluate the receiving capbility of each type of platform, depending on its hardware, software version and number of IS-IS adjacencies. Such platform performance is better known by its designer (the vendor) and even if validation tests are required, one single validation test by the vendor is more effective than N validations from N network providers. Finally, the reasoning behind the original choices of default value is not clear. Default values have largely remained unchanged over many years, despite very large increases in interface speeds and processing speed. This has resulted in default values that are likely to be very sub-optimal. For example, typical default values are one LSPDU per 33ms or 100ms, resulting in a capabilty to only send 30 or 10 LSPDUs per second. However, the same vendors recommend setting a BGP DDoS policer to 10,000 packets per second or more on the same control plane hardware, indicating that the control plane is capable of processing BGP packets at a rate of 10,000 packets per second. This document proposes that the downstream flooding node advertises its LSPDU receiving speed for a single interface to the upstream flooding node in IS-IS hellos. This allows the sender to take into account the actual speed of the receiver. It also creates an incentive for vendors to improve this speed over time and to innovate to advertise a value reflecting the speed in the deployed environment (for example, by taking into account the number of IS-IS neighbors, which may send LSPDUs at the same time). In addition, one single event in the network can require the flooding of multiple LSPDUs. The typical case is a node failure which requires the flooding of at least one LSPDU per neighbor of the failed node. Hence, if a node has N IGP neighbors, the failure of this node requires the advertisement and flooding of at least N Decraene, et al. Expires December 28, 2019 [Page 3] Internet-Draft IS-IS Flooding Speed advertisement June 2019 LSPDUs. The network won't be able to converge to the new topology until all N LSPDUs are received by all nodes. Hence there is a need to be able to quickly flood N LSPDUs. This document addresses this requirement by allowing the fast flooding of some number of consecutive LSPDUs. This document defines a new TLV for IS-IS hello that allows a given node to be able to advertise the rate at which the node can be expected to safely receive and process IS-IS LSPDUs from a given upstream flooding neighbor on a given interface. Each upstream flooding neighbor listens to the value advertised by the downstream flooding neighbor. This allows the fast flooding of LSPDUs while at the same time protecting the downstream flooding neighbor from receiving more LSPDUs than it can safely process in the event of network instability. 2. Flooding Speed TLV This document defines a new TLV called "Flooding Speed TLV" to be included in IIH PDUs. All IIHs transmitted by a router that support this capability MUST include this TLV. Type is TBD1. Length is 4 octets. Value field has two two-octets fields: o minimumInterfaceLSPTransmissionInterval: the minimum interval, in milliseconds, between two LSPDUs consecutively sent by the upstream flooding node on a single interface; o maximumInterfaceLSPTransmissionBurst: the maximum number of LSPDUs that can be transmitted by the upstream flooding node on a single interface with a separation interval shorter than minimumInterfaceLSPTransmissionInterval (or even 'back to back'). +-----------------------------------------------------+ | minimumInterfaceLSPTransmissionInterval (2 octets) | +-----------------------------------------------------+ | maximumInterfaceLSPTransmissionBurst (2 octets) | +-----------------------------------------------------+ Figure 1: Flooding Speed TLV Decraene, et al. Expires December 28, 2019 [Page 4] Internet-Draft IS-IS Flooding Speed advertisement June 2019 3. Operation By sending the Flooding Speed TLV the node advertises to its IS-IS neighbhor(s) its ability to receive, from the upstream flooding neighbor receiving this Flooding Speed TLV: o minimumInterfaceLSPTransmissionInterval: the minimum interval, in milliseconds, between two LSPDUs consecutively sent by the upstream flooding node on a single interface; o maximumInterfaceLSPTransmissionBurst: the maximum number of LSPDUs that can be transmitted by the upstream flooding node on a single interface with a separation interval shorter than minimumInterfaceLSPTransmissionInterval (or even 'back to back'). The node sending the Flooding Speed TLV is the downstream flooding neighbor. It SHOULD be prepared to sustain, for a long duration, the reception of one LSPDU every minimumInterfaceLSPTransmissionInterval milliseconds. In addition, it SHOULD be capable of receiving maximumInterfaceLSPTransmissionBurst LSPDUs with a shorter separation interval, provided than no more than 1000/ minimumInterfaceLSPTransmissionInterval LSPDUs are transmitted in any one second period. The node receiving the Flooding Speed TLV is the upstream flooding neighbor. The upstream flooding neighbor MUST NOT transmit LSPDUs at a sustained rate greater than one LSPDU every minimumInterfaceLSPTransmissionInterval milliseconds. The upstream flooding neighbor MAY transmit maximumInterfaceLSPTransmissionBurst LSPDUs with a shorter separation interval, provided than no more than 1000/minimumInterfaceLSPTransmissionInterval LSPDUs are transmitted in any one second period. 4. Interaction with other LSPDU rate limiting mechanisms [ISO10589] describes a mechanism that limits the rate at which LSPDUs from the same source system are sent out all interfaces. (See the description of the parameter minimumLSPTransmissionInterval in sections 7.3.21 and 7.3.15.5 of [ISO10589] .) In practice, however, router vendors have implemented mechanisms that limit the rate of LSPDUs sent on a given interface. This is often configurable on a per-interface basis using 'lsp-interval' or 'lsp-pacing-interval' CLI configuration.) The mechanism described in the current document extends the practice of limiting the rate of LSPDUs sent on a given interface, by using parameters advertised by the downstream flooding neighbor. When the mechanism described in the current document is used, the mechanism described in section 7.3.15.5 of [ISO10589] is not used. Decraene, et al. Expires December 28, 2019 [Page 5] Internet-Draft IS-IS Flooding Speed advertisement June 2019 5. Determining values to be advertised in the Flooding Speed TLV The values that a downstream flooding neighbor advertises in the Flooding Speed TLV should not change often. For example, in order to compute the values in the Flooding Speed TLV, a reasonable choice might be for a node to use a formula based on an offline tests of the overall LSPDU processing speed for a particular set of hardware and the number of interfaces configured for IS-IS. With such a formula, the values advertised in the Flooding Speed TLV would only change when additional IS-IS interfaces are configured. On the other hand, it would be undesirable to use a formula that depends, for example, on an active measurement of the CPU load to modify the values advertised in the Flooding Speed TLV. This could introduce feedback into the IGP flooding process that could produce unexpected behavior. Since correct IGP flooding is so fundamental to network operation, we do not want to introduce new dynamic behavior to it. By requiring that the values advertised in the Flooding Speed TLV not change very often, we expect to produce overall flooding behavior similar to what might be acheived by manually configuring per-interface LSPDU rate limiting on all interfaces in the network. 6. IANA Considerations IANA is requested to allocate one TLV from the IS-IS TLV codepoint registry. Type Description IIH LSP SNP Purge ---- --------------------------- --- --- --- --- TBD Flooding Speed TLV y n n n Figure 2 7. Security Considerations Any new security issues raised by the procedures in this document depend upon the ability of an attacker to inject a false but apparently valid IIH, the ease/difficulty of which has not been altered. As with others TLV advertisements, the use of a cryptographic authentication as defined in [RFC5304] or [RFC5310] allows the authentication of the peer and the integrity of the message. As this document defines a TLV for IS-IS Hello message (IIH), the relevant cryptographic authentication is for IS-IS Hello message (IIH). In the absence of cryptographic authentication, as IS-IS does not run over IP but directly over the link layer, it's considered difficult to inject false IIH without having acces to the link layer. Decraene, et al. Expires December 28, 2019 [Page 6] Internet-Draft IS-IS Flooding Speed advertisement June 2019 If a false IIH is sent with a Flooding Speed TLV set to low values, the attacker can reduce the flooding speed between the two adjacent neighbors which can result in LSDB inconsistencies and transient forwarding loops. However, is not significantly different than filtering or altering LSPDUs which would also be possible with access to the link layer. In addition, if the downstream flooding neighbor has multiple IGP neighbors, which is typically the case for reliability or topological reasons, it would receive LSPDUs at a regular speed from its other neighbors and hence would maintain LSDB consistency. If a false IIH is sent with a Flooding Speed TLV set to high values, the attacker can increase the flooding speed which can either overload a node or more likely generate loss of LSPDUs. However, is not significantly different than sending many LSPDUs which would also be possible with access to the link layer, even with cryptographic authentication enabled. In addition, IS-IS has procedures to detect the loss of LSPDUs and recover. This TLV advertisement is not flooded across the network but only sent between two adjacent IS-IS neighbhors. This would limit the consequences in case of forged messages, and also limits the dissemination of such information. 8. Normative References [ISO10589] International Organization for Standardization, "Intermediate system to Intermediate system intra-domain routeing information exchange protocol for use in conjunction with the protocol for providing the connectionless-mode Network Service (ISO 8473)", ISO/ IEC 10589:2002, Second Edition, Nov 2002. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, . [RFC5304] Li, T. and R. Atkinson, "IS-IS Cryptographic Authentication", RFC 5304, DOI 10.17487/RFC5304, October 2008, . [RFC5310] Bhatia, M., Manral, V., Li, T., Atkinson, R., White, R., and M. Fanto, "IS-IS Generic Cryptographic Authentication", RFC 5310, DOI 10.17487/RFC5310, February 2009, . Decraene, et al. Expires December 28, 2019 [Page 7] Internet-Draft IS-IS Flooding Speed advertisement June 2019 [RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, May 2017, . Appendix A. Changes / Author Notes [RFC Editor: Please remove this section before publication] 00: Initial version. Authors' Addresses Bruno Decraene Orange Email: bruno.decraene@orange.com Chris Bowers Juniper Networks, Inc. 1194 N. Mathilda Avenue Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA Email: cbowers@juniper.net Jayesh J Juniper Networks, Inc. 1194 N. Mathilda Avenue Sunnyvale, CA 94089 USA Email: jayeshj@juniper.net Tony Li Arista Networks 5453 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, California 95054 USA Email: tony.li@tony.li Decraene, et al. Expires December 28, 2019 [Page 8] Internet-Draft IS-IS Flooding Speed advertisement June 2019 Gunter Van de Velde Nokia Copernicuslaan 50 Antwerp 2018 Belgium Email: gunter.van_de_velde@nokia.com Decraene, et al. 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