Network Working Group Greg Bernstein Internet Draft Grotto Networking Intended status: Standards Track Young Lee Expires: May 2008 Dan Li Huawei Wataru Imajuku NTT November 19, 2007 Routing and Wavelength Assignment Information for Wavelength Switched Optical Networks draft-bernstein-ccamp-wson-info-01.txt Status of this Memo By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. This document may not be modified, and derivative works of it may not be created, except to publish it as an RFC and to translate it into languages other than English. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html This Internet-Draft will expire on May 19, 2007. Copyright Notice Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). Abstract This memo provides compact encodings for information needed for path computation and wavelength assignment in wavelength switched optical networks. Such encodings can be used in extensions to Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) routing for control of wavelength switched optical networks (WSON). Conventions used in this document The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119 [RFC2119]. Table of Contents 1. Introduction...................................................3 2. Terminology....................................................3 3. Generic Information............................................3 3.1. Wavelength Information Encoding...........................3 3.2. Link Sets.................................................4 3.3. Wavelength Sets...........................................6 3.3.1. Inclusive/Exclusive Wavelength Lists.................7 3.3.2. Inclusive/Exclusive Wavelength Ranges................7 3.3.3. Bitmap Wavelength Set................................8 4. WSON Information for Routing and Wavelength Assignment.........9 4.1. Connectivity Matrix......................................10 4.2. Port Wavelength Restrictions.............................13 4.3. WDM Link Characterization................................15 4.4. Laser Transmitter Range..................................15 4.5. Wavelength Converter Characterization....................15 4.6. Wavelength Availability..................................15 5. Security Considerations.......................................15 6. IANA Considerations...........................................16 7. Acknowledgments...............................................16 8. References....................................................17 8.1. Normative References.....................................17 8.2. Informative References...................................17 9. Contributors..................................................18 Author's Addresses...............................................18 Intellectual Property Statement..................................19 Disclaimer of Validity...........................................19 Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 1. Introduction This document provides efficient encodings of information needed by the routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) process in wavelength switched optical networks (WSONs). Such encodings can be applied to GMPLS IGP extensions to accommodate this WSON/RWA information. In addition these encodings could be used by other mechanisms to convey this same information to a path computation element (PCE). Note since these encodings are relatively efficient they can provide more accurate analysis of the control plane communications/processing load for WSONs looking to utilize a GMPLS control plane. 2. Terminology CWDM: Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing. DWDM: Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing. FOADM: Fixed Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer. ROADM: Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer. A reduced port count wavelength selective switching element featuring ingress and egress line side ports as well as add/drop side ports. RWA: Routing and Wavelength Assignment. Wavelength Conversion/Converters: The process of converting an information bearing optical signal centered at a given wavelength to one with "equivalent" content centered at a different wavelength. Wavelength conversion can be implemented via an optical-electronic- optical (OEO) process or via a strictly optical process. WDM: Wavelength Division Multiplexing. Wavelength Switched Optical Networks (WSON): WDM based optical networks in which switching is performed selectively based on the center wavelength of an optical signal. 3. Generic Information The following encodings have multiple uses in specifying WSON information. 3.1. Wavelength Information Encoding This document makes frequent use of the lambda label format defined in [Otani] shown below: Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Grid | C.S. |S| Reserved | n | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Where Grid is used to indicate which ITU-T grid specification is being used. C.S. = Channel spacing used in a DWDM system, i.e., with a ITU-T G.694.1 grid. S = sign of the offset from the center frequency of 193.1THz for the ITU-T 6.694.1 grid. n = Used to specify the frequency as 193.1THz +/- n*(channel spacing) where the + or - is chosen based on the sign (S) bit. 3.2. Link Sets We will frequently want to describe properties of links. To do so efficiently we can make use of a link set concept similar to the label set concept of [RFC3471]. All links will be denoted by their local link identifier as defined an used in[RFC4202, RFC4203, RFC4205]. The information carried in a Link Set is defined by: 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action |Dir| Format | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Identifier 1 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ : : : : : : +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Identifier N | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Action: 8 bits 0 - Inclusive List Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 Indicates that the object/TLV contains one or more link elements that are included in the Link Set. 1 - Exclusive List Indicates that the object/TLV contains one or more link elements that are excluded from the Link Set. 2 - Inclusive Range Indicates that the object/TLV contains a range of links. The object/TLV contains two link elements. The first element indicates the start of the range. The second element indicates the end of the range. A value of zero indicates that there is no bound on the corresponding portion of the range. 3 - Exclusive Range Indicates that the object/TLV contains a range of links that are excluded from the Link Set. The object/TLV contains two link elements. The first element indicates the start of the range. The second element indicates the end of the range. A value of zero indicates that there is no bound on the corresponding portion of the range. Dir: Directionality of the Link Set (2 bits) 0 -- bidirectional 1 -- ingress 2 -- egress In optical networks we think in terms of unidirectional as well as bidirectional links. For example wavelength restrictions or connectivity may be much different for an ingress port, than for its "companion" egress port if it has one. Note that "interfaces" such as discussed in the Interfaces MIB are assumed bidirectional, as well as the links of various link state IGPs. Format: The format of the link identifier (6 bits) 0 -- Link Local Identifier Others TBD. Reserved: 16 bits Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 This field is reserved. It MUST be set to zero on transmission and MUST be ignored on receipt. Link Identifier: The link identifier represents the port which is being described either for connectivity or wavelength restrictions. This can be the link local identifier of [RFC4202], GMPLS routing, [RFC4203] GMPLS OSPF routing, and [RFC4205] IS-IS GMPLS routing. The use of the link local identifier format can result in more compact WSON encodings when the assignments are done in a reasonable fashion. 3.3. Wavelength Sets Wavelength sets come up frequently in WSONs to describe the range of a laser transmitter, the wavelength restrictions on ROADM ports, or the availability of wavelengths on a DWDM link. The general format for a wavelength set is given below. This format uses the Action concept from [RFC3471] with an additional Action to define a "bit map" type of label set. Note that the second 32 bit field is a lambda label in the previously defined format. This provides important information on the WDM grid type and channel spacing that will be used in the compact encodings listed. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action | Reserved | Num Wavelengths | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Grid | C.S. |S| Reserved | n for lowest frequency | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Additional fields as necessary per action | | Action: 0 - Inclusive List 1 - Exclusive List 2 - Inclusive Range 3 - Exclusive Range Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 6] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 4 - Bitmap Set Note that the "Application" field will be used initially in the specification of ROADM/OXC wavelength restrictions, but may be used in other contexts as well. 3.3.1. Inclusive/Exclusive Wavelength Lists In the case of the inclusive/exclusive lists the wavelength set format is given by: 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Action=0 or 1 | Reserved | Num Wavelengths | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Grid | C.S. |S| Reserved | n for lowest frequency | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | n2 | n3 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | ... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | nm | | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Where Num Wavelengths tells us the number of wavelength in this inclusive or exclusive list this does not include the initial wavelength in the list hence if the number of wavelengths is odd then zero padding of the last half word is required. 3.3.2. Inclusive/Exclusive Wavelength Ranges In the case of inclusive/exclusive ranges the wavelength set format is given by: 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Action=2 or 3 | Reserved | Num Wavelengths | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Grid | C.S. |S| Reserved | n for lowest frequency | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ In this case Num Wavelengths specifies the number of wavelengths in the range starting at the given wavelength and incrementing the Num Wavelengths number of channel spacing up in frequency (regardless of the value of the sign bit). Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 7] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 3.3.3. Bitmap Wavelength Set In the case of Action = the bitmap the wavelength set format is given by: 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action = 4 | Reserved | Num Wavelengths | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Grid | C.S. |S| Reserved | n for lowest frequency | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Bit Map Word #1 (Lowest frequency channels) | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | ... | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Bit Map Word #N (Highest frequency channels) | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Where Num Wavelengths in this case tells us the number of wavelengths represented by the bit map which is required to be ceiling[(Num Wavelengths)/32]. Each bit in the bit map represents a particular frequency with a value of 1/0 indicating whether the frequency is in the set or not. Bit position zero represents the lowest frequency, while each succeeding bit position represents the next frequency a channel spacing (C.S.) above the previous. Example: A 40 channel C-Band DWDM system with 100GHz spacing with lowest frequency 192.0THz (1561.4nm) and highest frequency 195.9THz (1530.3nm). These frequencies correspond to n = -11, and n = 28 respectively. Now suppose the following channels are available: Frequency(THz) n Value bit map position -------------------------------------------------- 192.0 -11 0 192.5 -6 5 193.1 0 11 193.9 8 19 194.0 9 20 195.2 21 32 195.8 27 38 Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 8] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 With the Grid value set to indicate an ITU-T G.694.1 DWDM grid, C.S. set to indicate 100GHz, and with S (sign) set to indicate negative this lambda bit map set would then be encoded as follows: 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action = 4 | Reserved | Num Wavelengths = 40 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Grid | C.S. |S| Reserved | n for lowest frequency = -11 | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0| Not used in 40 Channel system (all zeros) | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 4. WSON Information for Routing and Wavelength Assignment From [WSON-Frame] the following WSON information needs to be conveyed via GMPLS routing or some other mechanism. Information Static/Dynamic Node/Link ------------------------------------------------------------------ Connectivity matrix Static Node Per port wavelength restrictions Static Node(1) WDM link (fiber) lambda ranges Static(4) Link WDM link channel spacing Static(4) Link Laser Transmitter range Static(4) Link(2) Wavelength conversion capabilities Static(3),(4) Node Wavelength Availability Dynamic(4) Link Notes: 1. These are the per port wavelength restrictions of an optical device such as a ROADM and are independent of any optical constraints imposed by a fiber link. 2. This could also be viewed as a node capability. 3. This could be dynamic in the case of a limited pool of converters where the number available can change with connection establishment. Note we may want to include regeneration capabilities here since OEO converters are also regenerators. Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 9] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 4. Not necessarily needed in the case of distributed wavelength assignment via signaling. See [WSON-Frame] for more details on these types of WSON information and their use. 4.1. Connectivity Matrix The potential connectivity matrix for asymmetric switches (e.g. ROADMs and such) and the connectivity matrix for asymmetric fixed devices can be represented by a matrix A where Amn = 0 or 1, depending upon whether a wavelength on ingress port m can be connected to egress port n. This can be compactly represented link sets as follows: 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |Connectivity | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Ingress Link Set #1 | : : : +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Egress Link Set #1 : : : +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Additional Link set pairs as needed | : to specify connectivity : +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Where Connectivity = 0 if the device is fixed 1 if the device is reconfigurable (ROADM/OXC) Example: Suppose we have a typical 2-degree 40 channel ROADM. In addition to its two line side ports it has 80 add and 80 drop ports. The picture below illustrates how a typical 2-degree ROADM system that works with bi-directional fiber pairs is a highly asymmetrical system composed of two unidirectional ROADM subsystems. Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 10] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 (Tributary) Ports #3-#42 Ingress added to Egress dropped from West Line Egress East Line Ingress vvvv ^^^^ | |...| | |...| +-----| |...|--------| |...|------+ | +----------------------+ | | | | | Egress | | Unidirectional ROADM | | -----------------+ | | +-------------- <=====================| |===================< -----------------+ +----------------------+ +-------------- | | Port #1 | | Port #2 (West Line Side) | |(East Line Side) -----------------+ +----------------------+ +-------------- >=====================| |===================> -----------------+ | Unidirectional ROADM | +-------------- | | | | | | _ | | | +----------------------+ | +-----| |...|--------| |...|------+ | |...| | |...| vvvv ^^^^ (Tributary) Ports #43-#82 Egress dropped from Ingress added to West Line ingress East Line egress Referring to the figure we see that the ingress direction of ports #3-#42 (add ports) can only potentially egress on port #1. While in ingress side of port #2 (line side) can egress only on ports #3-#42 (drop) and #1 (pass through). Similarly, the ingress direction of ports #43-#82 can only potentially egress on port #2 (line). While the ingress direction of port #1 can only potentially egress on ports #43-#82 (drop) or port #2 (pass through). We can now represent this potential connectivity matrix as follows. This representation uses only 30 32-bit words. Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 11] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Conn = 1 | Reserved |1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Note: adds to line +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=2 |0 1|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved(Note:inclusive range) |2 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #3 |3 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #42 |4 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=0 |1 0|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved (Note:inclusive list) |5 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #1 |6 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Note: line to drops +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=0 |0 1|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved (Note:inclusive list) |7 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #2 |8 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=2 |1 0|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved(Note: inclusive range)|9 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #3 |10 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #42 |11 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Note: line to line +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=0 |0 1|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved (Note:inclusive list) |12 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #2 |13 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=0 |1 0|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved(Note: inclusive range)|14 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #1 |15 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Note: adds to line +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=2 |0 1|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved(Note:inclusive range) |16 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #42 |17 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #82 |18 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 12] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 | Action=0 |1 0|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved (Note:inclusive list) |19 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #2 |20 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Note: line to drops +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=0 |0 1|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved (Note:inclusive list) |21 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #1 |22 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=2 |1 0|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved(Note: inclusive range)|23 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #43 |24 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #82 |25 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Note: line to line +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=0 |0 1|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved (Note:inclusive list) |26 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #1 |27 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Action=0 |1 0|0 0 0 0 0 0|Reserved(Note: inclusive range)|28 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Local Identifier = #2 |30 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ 4.2. Port Wavelength Restrictions An optical switching device can have the following wavelength restrictions: o Multiple wavelengths, full range port o Single wavelength, full range port o Single wavelength, fixed lambda port o Multiple wavelengths, reduced range port (like wave band switching) This can be encoded as a doublet of link set and wavelength set information: Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 13] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |M| Mapping | Multiplier | Reserved | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Link Set | | .. | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Wavelength Set | | .. | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Where the "M" bit indicates whether the set of ports are single wavelength M = 0, or multi-wavelength, M = 1, ports. The "Mapping" tells us how the wavelengths in the wavelength set get assigned to the links in the link set. Mapping = 0: One to Many Each link in the link set can take any of the values in the wavelength set. This is applicable to both single channel and multi- channel ports. Mapping = 1: One to One Links are assigned a single wavelength with respect to the order of links and wavelengths in their respective sets. This is applicable only to single channel ports (M=0). Mapping = 2: One to One via ranges and increments For single channel ports (M=0) where the wavelength is specified via a range then the frequency assigned to a port is given by Freq = freq_low + k*(Multiplier + 1)*(C.S.) Where k is the ordinal of the link in the link set starting from zero, C.S. the channel spacing, and freq_low is the lowest frequency in the wavelength range. Such a formulation gives a compact way to represent ROADMs with colored drop ports with a regular frequency plan. Note that the link set has an indication of whether these constraints apply to ingress, egress or bidirectionally to the ports. Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 14] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 4.3. WDM Link Characterization This has the same form as the port wavelength restrictions of a device, hence can be encoded in the same way as was done in section 4.2. 4.4. Laser Transmitter Range The tuning range of a laser transmitter can be represented via the wavelength set mechanism of section 3.3. 4.5. Wavelength Converter Characterization An OEO based wavelength converter can be characterized by an input wavelength set and an output wavelength set. In addition we'd want to know constraints on the signal formats and rates accommodated by the converter. Hence we'd have something like: := , , , 4.6. Wavelength Availability The availability of a specific wavelength on a WDM link is key dynamic information that is required by the RWA process. This information needs to be accurate; luckily it can also be represented quite compactly via the wavelength set encodings of section 3.3. For example a 120 channel system, utilizing the bit map wavelength set encoding would only require four bit map words in addition to the two general words in the encoding to fully characterize wavelength availability. Note that a subset of the total system range could be sent representing only those lambdas whose availabilities have changed resulting in very efficient use of control plane bandwidth. 5. Security Considerations This document has no requirement for a change to the security models within GMPLS and associated protocols. That is the OSPF-TE, RSVP-TE, and PCEP security models could be operated unchanged. Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 15] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 6. IANA Considerations TBD. Once finalized in our approach we will need identifiers for such things and modulation types, modulation parameters, wavelength assignment methods, etc... 7. Acknowledgments This document was prepared using 2-Word-v2.0.template.dot. Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 16] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 8. References 8.1. Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC3471] Berger, L., "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) Signaling Functional Description", RFC 3471, January 2003. [G.694.1] ITU-T Recommendation G.694.1, "Spectral grids for WDM applications: DWDM frequency grid", June, 2002. [RFC4202] Kompella, K., Ed., and Y. Rekhter, Ed., "Routing Extensions in Support of Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS)", RFC 4202, October 2005 [RFC4203] Kompella, K., Ed., and Y. Rekhter, Ed., "OSPF Extensions in Support of Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS)", RFC 4203, October 2005. 8.2. Informative References [Otani] T. Otani, H. Guo, K. Miyazaki, D. Caviglia, "Generalized Labels of Lambda-Switching Capable Label Switching Routers (LSR)", work in progress: draft-otani-ccamp-gmpls-lambda- labels-00.txt, June 2007. [G.694.1] ITU-T Recommendation G.694.1, Spectral grids for WDM applications: DWDM frequency grid, June 2002. [G.694.2] ITU-T Recommendation G.694.2, Spectral grids for WDM applications: CWDM wavelength grid, December 2003. [RFC4205] Kompella, K., Ed., and Y. Rekhter, Ed., "Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) Extensions in Support of Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS)", RFC 4205, October 2005. [WSON-Frame] G. Bernstein, Y. Lee, W. Imajuku, "Framework for GMPLS and PCE Control of Wavelength Switched Optical Networks", work in progress: draft-bernstein-ccamp-wavelength- switched-01.txt, September 2007. Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 17] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 9. Contributors Diego Caviglia Ericsson Via A. Negrone 1/A 16153 Genoa Italy Phone: +39 010 600 3736 Email: diego.caviglia@(marconi.com, ericsson.com) Itaru Nishioka NEC Corp. 1753 Simonumabe, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-8666 Japan Phone: +81 44 396 3287 Email: i-nishioka@cb.jp.nec.com Author's Addresses Greg Bernstein (ed.) Grotto Networking Fremont, CA, USA Phone: (510) 573-2237 Email: gregb@grotto-networking.com Young Lee (ed.) Huawei Technologies 1700 Alma Drive, Suite 100 Plano, TX 75075 USA Phone: (972) 509-5599 (x2240) Email: ylee@huawei.com Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 18] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 Dan Li Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. F3-5-B R&D Center, Huawei Base, Bantian, Longgang District Shenzhen 518129 P.R.China Phone: +86-755-28973237 Email: danli@huawei.com Wataru Imajuku NTT Network Innovation Labs 1-1 Hikari-no-oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa Japan Phone: +81-(46) 859-4315 Email: imajuku.wataru@lab.ntt.co.jp Intellectual Property Statement The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in this document or the extent to which any license under such rights might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79. 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Disclaimer of Validity This document and the information contained herein are provided on an "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 19] Internet-Draft Wavelength Switched Optical Networks November 2007 THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Copyright Statement Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights. Acknowledgment Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the Internet Society. Bernstein and Lee Expires May 19, 2008 [Page 20]